Carbide – a ripening and health effect.
Introduction
At the rate of RM 2/- a dozen, death is being sold now-a-days in our markets. My request for everybody is to be vigilant. Friends, we all love bananas and we eat a lot of them, but the bananas available in the market are forced ripe by dipping in water mixed with Carbide. The consumption of these bananas is 100% sure to cause Cancer or some other infection in the stomach. Therefore, such type of bananas are to be avoided. But, how does one recognize the bananas ripened with the help of Carbide? Bananas which are ripened naturally are dark yellow and there are small black spots here and there on the bananas and the stalks are black. While those which are forced ripe with Carbide are lemon yellow and their stalks are green and more over they are clear yellow without any black spots. Now, what is Carbide and how is it harmful? Carbide is a chemical which if mixed with water, emits heat and the heat emitted by a Close tank mixed with Carbide is even more than that emitted by a LPG Cylinder, so> much so it can be used for Gas Cutting (which means the calorific value is so high that it can replace LPG gas). In the same way, when the bunch of bananas are dipped in the water mixed with Carbide, the gas gets absorbed into the bananas and they get ripe. However, the banana vendors are not that literate and so they do not know the exact proportion of Carbide to be used for a dozen of bananas. As a result they end up using excess quantity of Carbide which gets absorbed into the bananas and ultimately enters our stomach. Due to this excess use of Carbide, Tumors can be formed in our digestive system. So, next time you purchase bananas, make sure you select the naturally ripened ones.
Ripening agents
Ripening agents speed up the ripening process.
They allow many fruits to be picked prior to full ripening, which is useful, since ripened fruits do not ship well. For example, bananas are picked when green and artificially ripened after shipment by being gassed with ethylene.[1] A similar method used in parts of Asia was to cover a bed of slightly green-harvested mango and a few small open containers of clumps of calcium carbide with a plastic covering. The moisture in the air reacted with the calcium carbide to release the gas acetylene, which has the same effect as ethylene. Ethylene is not emitted by the plant naturally, and cannot activate the ripening of nearby fruits, rather, it used as a hormone within the plant.
Calcium carbide is used for ripening the fruit artificially in some countries. Industrial-grade calcium carbide may contain traces of arsenic and phosphorus, and, thus, use of this chemical for this purpose is illegal in most countries. Calcium carbide, once dissolved in water, produces acetylene,[2] which acts as an artificial ripening agent. Acetylene is believed to affect the nervous systemby reducing oxygen supply to brain; however, it has been shown that, in practice, acetylene is not sufficiently reactive to affect consumers
Catalytic Generators are used to produce ethylene gas, simply and safely. Ethylene sensors can be used to precisely control the amount of gas.
Covered fruit ripening bowls are commercially available to increase fruit ripening.[3] The manufacturers claim the bowls increase ethylene and carbon dioxide gasses around the fruit which promote ripening.
Climacteric fruits are able to continue ripening after being picked, a process accelerated by ethylenegas. Non-climacteric fruits can ripen only on the plant and, thus, suffer from short shelf-lives
CARBIDE
a carbide is a compound composed of carbonand a less electronegative element. Carbides can be generally classified by chemical bonding type as follows: (i) salt-like, (ii)covalent compounds, (iii) interstitial compounds, and (iv) "intermediate" transition metal carbides. Examples includecalcium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide (often called simply carbide), and cementite[1], each used in key industrial applications.
Salt-like carbides
Salt-like carbides are composed of highly electropositive elements such as the alkali metals, alkaline earths, and group 3 metals including scandium, yttrium and lanthanum. Aluminium from group 13 forms carbides, but gallium, indium and thallium do not. In these materials feature isolated carbon centers, often described as "C4−"; two atom units, "C22−" in the acetylides and three atom units "C34−" in the sesquicarbides.[1] These formal anion C4–, sometimes called methanides (or methides) because they hydrolyse to give methane gas. The naming of ionic carbides is not consistent and can be quite confusing.
Methanides
Methanides in general chemical context refers to any compound that decomposes in water, producingmethane. However, according to IUPAC systematic naming conventions, it refers solely to the hypothetical CH3- anionic species. It is a useful simplification to describe methyl compounds, with relatively large bond polarity between the carbon and non-hydrogen atom, as containing the anionic species. In truth most such compounds, if not all, are, in fact, highly polar covalent, not ionic. Other compounds described as methanides in the general context contain various ratios of hydrogen down to no hydrogen at all. Two such examples which, can be called methanides, are aluminium carbide, andberyllium carbide.
Acetylides
Several carbides are assumed to be salts of the acetylide anion C22– (also called percarbide), which has a triple bond between the two carbon atoms. Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and lanthanoid metals form acetylides, e.g., sodium carbide Na2C2, calcium carbide CaC2, and LaC2.[1] Lanthanoids also form acetylides with formula M2C3. Metals from group 11 too tend to form acetylides, such ascopper(I) acetylide and silver acetylide. Carbides of the actinide elements, which have stoichiometry MC2 and M2C3, are also described as salt-like derivatives of C22–.
The C-C triple bond length ranges from 109.2 pm in CaC2 (similar to ethyne), to 130.3 pm in LaC2 and 134 pm in UC2. The bonding in LaC2 has been described in terms of LaIII with the extra electron delocalised into the antibonding orbital on C22−, explaining the metallic conduction.[1]
Sesquicarbides
The polyatomic ion C34–, sometimes called sesquicarbide, is found in Li4C3, Mg2C3. The ion is linear and is isoelectronic with CO2.[1] The C-C distance in Mg2C3 is 133.2 pm.[2] Mg2C3 yieldsmethylacetylene, CH3CCH, on hydrolysis which was the first indication that it may contain C34–.
Covalent carbides
The carbides of silicon and boron are described as "covalent carbides", although virtually all compounds of carbon exhibit some covalent character. Silicon carbide has two similar crystalline forms, which are both related to the diamond structure.[1] Boron carbide, B4C, on the other hand has an unusual structure which includes icosahedral boron units linked by carbon atoms. In this respectboron carbide is similar to the boron rich borides. Both silicon carbide, SiC, (carborundum) and boron carbide, B4C are very hard materials and refractory. Both materials are important industrially. Boron also forms other covalent carbides, e.g. B25C.
Interstitial carbides
The carbides of the group 4, 5 and 6 transition metals (with the exception of chromium) are often described as interstitial compounds.[1] These carbides have metallic properties and are refractory. Some exhibit a range of stoichiometries, e.g. titanium carbide, TiC. Titanium carbide and tungsten carbide are important industrially and are used to coat metals in cutting tools.[3]
The longheld view is that the carbon atoms fit into octahedral interstices in a close packed metal lattice when the metal atom radius is greater than approximately 135 pm:[1]
When the metal atoms are cubic close packed, (ccp), then filling all of the octahedral interstices with carbon achieves 1:1 stoichiometry with the rock salt structure, (note that in rock salt, NaCl, it is the chloride anions that are cubic close packed).
When the metal atoms are hexagonal close packed, (hcp), as the octahedral interstices lie directly opposite each other on either side of the layer of metal atoms, filling only one of these with carbon achieves 2:1 stoichiometry with the CdI2 structure.
The following table[1][3] shows actual structures of the metals and their carbides. (N.B. the body centred cubic structure adopted by vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten is not a close packed lattice.) The notation "h/2" refers to the M2C type structure described above, which is only an approximate description of the actual structures. The simple view that the lattice of the pure metal "absorbs" carbon atoms can be seen to be untrue as the packing of the metal atom lattice in the carbides is different from the packing in the pure metal.
Metal Structure of pure metal Metallic
radius (pm) MC
metal atom packing MC structure M2C
metal atom packing M2C structure Other carbides
titanium
hcp 147 ccp rock salt
zirconium
hcp 160 ccp rock salt
hafnium
hcp 159 ccp rock salt
vanadium
cubic body centered 134 ccp rock salt hcp h/2 V4C3
niobium
cubic body centered 146 ccp rock salt hcp h/2 Nb4C3
tantalum
cubic body centered 146 ccp rock salt hcp h/2 Ta4C3
chromium
cubic body centered 128 Cr23C6, Cr3C,
Cr7C3, Cr3C2
molybdenum
cubic body centered 139 hexagonal hcp h/2 Mo3C2
tungsten
cubic body centered 139 hexagonal hcp h/2
For a long time the non-stoichiometric phases were believed to be disordered with a random filling of the interstices, however short and longer range ordering has been detected.[4]
Intermediate transition metal carbides
In these carbides, the transition metal ion is smaller than the critical 135 pm, and the structures are not interstitial but are more complex. Multiple stoichiometries are common, for example iron forms a number of carbides, Fe3C, Fe7C3 and Fe2C. The best known is cementite, Fe3C, which is present in steels. These carbides are more reactive than the interstitial carbides, for example the carbides of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni all are hydrolysed by dilute acids and sometimes by water, to give a mixture of hydrogen and hydrocarbons. These compounds share features with both the inert interstitials and the more reactive salt-like carbides.[1]
Molecular carbides
The complex [Au6C(PPh3)6]2+, containing a carbon-gold core.
Metal complexes containing Cn fragments are well known. Most common are carbon-centered clusters, such as [Au6C(PPh3)6]2+. Similar species are known for the metal carbonyls and the early metal halides. Even terminal carbides have been crystallized, e.g., CRuCl2(P(C6H11)3)2.
Impossible carbides
Some metals, such as lead and tin, are believed not to form carbides under any circumstances.[5] There exists however a mixed titanium-tin carbide, which is a two-dimensional conductor.[6] (In 2007, there were two reports of a lead carbide PbC2, apparently of the acetylide type; but these claims have yet to be published in reviewed journals.
Wednesday, December 8, 2010
Wednesday, November 24, 2010
diabetes reduce
Best diabetes fitness plan: aerobics plus weight, study says
CHICAGO: People with diabetes should mix aerobics with weight training to get the best results in lowering blood sugar, a new study suggests.
The combination worked best for weight loss too, compared to aerobics or weight training alone.
Blood sugar is fuel to muscles, and more sugar is burned during aerobic activity. Weight training builds more muscle, and both activities change muscle proteins in ways that enhance the process.
"It's clear that doing both aerobic and strength training is superior to either alone," said lead author Dr. Tim Church of Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. "It's almost like taking two different drugs."
Patients in the study, published in Wednesday's Journal of the American Medical Association, achieved the results over nine months, exercising three days a week for about 45 minutes each session.
"People can manage this amount of exercise," said Laurie Goodyear of Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston, who wasn't involved in the new study but does similar research. "They didn't have to go on a diet. This was purely an exercise effect."
The researchers' goal was to test three exercise programs that doctors could realistically recommend and patients could stick with. They compared aerobics alone, weight training alone and a combination. U.S. guidelines recommend aerobics and weight training combined for all adults.
All three groups worked out for about the same amount of time. A fourth group of patients was offered only weekly stretching and relaxation classes for further comparison. The study was completed by 245 people with diabetes.
Led by trainers, patients walked on a treadmill that raised the uphill grade by 2 percent every two minutes for the aerobics. Weight training, also supervised, was done on machines that worked muscles in the upper body and legs, with more weight added as participants increased their strength.
"It gave me a lot more energy. That was one of the first things I noticed," said Deidra Atkins-Ball, 44, a biology professor, diagnosed with diabetes a year before she joined the aerobics-weights group.
A distant aunt with diabetes lost both legs and her vision to the disease. Too much blood sugar can damage nerves, eyes, the heart and blood vessels.
"I remember as a kid having to do things for her, going to the store for her," Atkins-Ball said. "It really scared me."
The researchers found that only the group that combined aerobics and weights both lowered their blood sugar and lost weight, although all three fitness groups reduced their waist sizes.
Fewer patients in the combo group started taking new diabetes drugs than in the other groups. Decisions on medications were left up to the patients' regular doctors during the study.
Forty-one percent of the patients in the combo group either decreased their diabetes medications or lowered their average blood sugar as measured by a common blood test, compared to 26 percent for weights only, 29 percent for aerobics only and 22 percent in the non-exercise group.
The blood sugar reduction achieved by the combo group was enough to reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and other complications, the researchers wrote, citing earlier studies.
Atkins-Ball's results were good, if not long-lasting. She dropped 4 pounds (2 kilograms) and saw her blood sugar reach near normal levels. When the program ended, she joined a gym and kept exercising - for a while.
Then she got busy, let her gym membership lapse after a year and has seen her blood sugar levels climb. She's now taking two diabetes drugs, instead of the one she took during the study.
Atkins-Ball is trying to get back into an exercise routine by walking two miles (3 kilometers) with her husband in the mornings.
Her advice for others with diabetes is to get into a structured exercise program.
"That's what helped me the most," she said
CHICAGO: People with diabetes should mix aerobics with weight training to get the best results in lowering blood sugar, a new study suggests.
The combination worked best for weight loss too, compared to aerobics or weight training alone.
Blood sugar is fuel to muscles, and more sugar is burned during aerobic activity. Weight training builds more muscle, and both activities change muscle proteins in ways that enhance the process.
"It's clear that doing both aerobic and strength training is superior to either alone," said lead author Dr. Tim Church of Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. "It's almost like taking two different drugs."
Patients in the study, published in Wednesday's Journal of the American Medical Association, achieved the results over nine months, exercising three days a week for about 45 minutes each session.
"People can manage this amount of exercise," said Laurie Goodyear of Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston, who wasn't involved in the new study but does similar research. "They didn't have to go on a diet. This was purely an exercise effect."
The researchers' goal was to test three exercise programs that doctors could realistically recommend and patients could stick with. They compared aerobics alone, weight training alone and a combination. U.S. guidelines recommend aerobics and weight training combined for all adults.
All three groups worked out for about the same amount of time. A fourth group of patients was offered only weekly stretching and relaxation classes for further comparison. The study was completed by 245 people with diabetes.
Led by trainers, patients walked on a treadmill that raised the uphill grade by 2 percent every two minutes for the aerobics. Weight training, also supervised, was done on machines that worked muscles in the upper body and legs, with more weight added as participants increased their strength.
"It gave me a lot more energy. That was one of the first things I noticed," said Deidra Atkins-Ball, 44, a biology professor, diagnosed with diabetes a year before she joined the aerobics-weights group.
A distant aunt with diabetes lost both legs and her vision to the disease. Too much blood sugar can damage nerves, eyes, the heart and blood vessels.
"I remember as a kid having to do things for her, going to the store for her," Atkins-Ball said. "It really scared me."
The researchers found that only the group that combined aerobics and weights both lowered their blood sugar and lost weight, although all three fitness groups reduced their waist sizes.
Fewer patients in the combo group started taking new diabetes drugs than in the other groups. Decisions on medications were left up to the patients' regular doctors during the study.
Forty-one percent of the patients in the combo group either decreased their diabetes medications or lowered their average blood sugar as measured by a common blood test, compared to 26 percent for weights only, 29 percent for aerobics only and 22 percent in the non-exercise group.
The blood sugar reduction achieved by the combo group was enough to reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and other complications, the researchers wrote, citing earlier studies.
Atkins-Ball's results were good, if not long-lasting. She dropped 4 pounds (2 kilograms) and saw her blood sugar reach near normal levels. When the program ended, she joined a gym and kept exercising - for a while.
Then she got busy, let her gym membership lapse after a year and has seen her blood sugar levels climb. She's now taking two diabetes drugs, instead of the one she took during the study.
Atkins-Ball is trying to get back into an exercise routine by walking two miles (3 kilometers) with her husband in the mornings.
Her advice for others with diabetes is to get into a structured exercise program.
"That's what helped me the most," she said
Tuesday, October 26, 2010
what a waste....true/false
written by mick_err_stan, October 27, 2010 10:11:26
I received an email highlighting the wastage in billions of Ringgit which could have improve lives of the Rakyat. It's no wonder UMNO 's platform for re-election is based on promoting race to hide the fact they they have failed the Rakyat is so many ways. I guess when individuals do not have much education it is easy to sell them 'Ketuanan Melayu'. blinded by racist sentiments they support a party that do not practice good governance and accountability. If not for the billion wasted, there is no need for quotas as there will be enough to go round. Sial Betul !!!
1. The Bank Bumiputra twin scandals in the early 1980s - US$1 billion (RM3.2 billion in 2008 ringgit)
2. The Maminco attempt to corner the world tin market in the 1980s is believed to have cost some US$500 million. (RM1.6 billion)
3. Betting in foreign exchange futures cost Bank Negara Malaysia RM30 billion in the 1990s.
4. Perwaja Steel resulted in losses of US$800 million (RM2.56 billion). Eric Chia, was charged with corruption for allegedly steering US$20 million (RM64 million) to a Hong Kong-based company
5. Use of RM10 billion public funds in the Valuecap Sdn. Bhd. operation to shore up the stock market
6. Banking scandal of RM700 million losses in Bank Islam
7. The sale of M.V. Agusta by Proton for one Euro making a loss of €75.99 million (RM 348 million)
8. Wang Ehsan from oil royalty on Terengganu RM7.4 billion from 2004 – 2007
9. For the past 10 years since Philharmonic Orchestra was established, this orchestra has swallowed a total of RM500 million. Hiring a kwai-lo CEO with salary of more than RM1 million per annum !!
10. In Advisors Fees, Mahathir was paid RM180,000, Shahrizat Abdul Jalil (women and social development affairs) RM404,726 and Abdul Hamid Othman (religious) RM549,675 per annum
11. The government has spent a total of RM3.2 billion in teaching Maths and Science in English over the past five years. Out of the amount, the government paid a whopping RM2.21 billion for the purchase of information and computer technology (ICT) equipments which it is unable to give a breakdown. Govt paid more than RM6k per notebook vs per market price of less than RM3k through some new consortiums that setup just to transact the notebook deal. There was no math & science content for the teachers and the notebooks are all with the teachers' children now.
12. The commission paid for purchase of jets and submarines to two private companies Perimeker Sdn Bhd and IMT Defence Sdn Bhd amounted to RM910 million.
13. RM300 million to compensate Gerbang Perdana for the RM1.1 billion “Crooked Scenic Half-Bridge”
14. RM1.3 billion have been wasted building the white elephant Customs, Immigration and Quarantine (CIQ) facilities on cancellation of the Malaysia-Singapore scenic bridge
15. RM 100 million on renovation of Parliament building and leaks
16. National Astronaut Programme - RM 40 million
17. National Service Training Programme - yearly an estimate of RM 500 million
18. Eye on Malaysia - RM 30 million and another RM5.7 million of free ticket
19. RM 4.63 billion, ’soft-loan’ to PKFZ
20. RM 2.4 million on indelible ink
21. Samy announced in September 2006 that the government paid compensation amounting to RM 38.5 billion to 20 highway companies. RM 380 million windfalls for 9 toll concessionaires earned solely from the toll hike in 2008 alone.
22.. RM32 million timber export kickbacks involving companies connected to Sarawak Chief Minister and his family.
Bailouts –
23.. Two bailouts of Malaysia Airline System RM7.9 billion. At a time when MAS incurring losses every year, RM1.55 million used to buy three paintings to decorate its chairman's (Munir) office. 24. Putra transport system bailout which cost RM4.486 billion.
25. STAR-LRT bailout costing RM3.256 billion.
26. National Sewerage System bailout costing RM192.54 million.
27. Seremban-Port Dickson Highway bailout costing RM142 million.
28. Kuching Prison bailout costing RM135 million.
29.. Kajian Makanan dan Gunaan Orang Islam bailout costing RM8.3 million.
30. Le Tour de Langkawi bailout costing RM 3.5 Million.
I received an email highlighting the wastage in billions of Ringgit which could have improve lives of the Rakyat. It's no wonder UMNO 's platform for re-election is based on promoting race to hide the fact they they have failed the Rakyat is so many ways. I guess when individuals do not have much education it is easy to sell them 'Ketuanan Melayu'. blinded by racist sentiments they support a party that do not practice good governance and accountability. If not for the billion wasted, there is no need for quotas as there will be enough to go round. Sial Betul !!!
1. The Bank Bumiputra twin scandals in the early 1980s - US$1 billion (RM3.2 billion in 2008 ringgit)
2. The Maminco attempt to corner the world tin market in the 1980s is believed to have cost some US$500 million. (RM1.6 billion)
3. Betting in foreign exchange futures cost Bank Negara Malaysia RM30 billion in the 1990s.
4. Perwaja Steel resulted in losses of US$800 million (RM2.56 billion). Eric Chia, was charged with corruption for allegedly steering US$20 million (RM64 million) to a Hong Kong-based company
5. Use of RM10 billion public funds in the Valuecap Sdn. Bhd. operation to shore up the stock market
6. Banking scandal of RM700 million losses in Bank Islam
7. The sale of M.V. Agusta by Proton for one Euro making a loss of €75.99 million (RM 348 million)
8. Wang Ehsan from oil royalty on Terengganu RM7.4 billion from 2004 – 2007
9. For the past 10 years since Philharmonic Orchestra was established, this orchestra has swallowed a total of RM500 million. Hiring a kwai-lo CEO with salary of more than RM1 million per annum !!
10. In Advisors Fees, Mahathir was paid RM180,000, Shahrizat Abdul Jalil (women and social development affairs) RM404,726 and Abdul Hamid Othman (religious) RM549,675 per annum
11. The government has spent a total of RM3.2 billion in teaching Maths and Science in English over the past five years. Out of the amount, the government paid a whopping RM2.21 billion for the purchase of information and computer technology (ICT) equipments which it is unable to give a breakdown. Govt paid more than RM6k per notebook vs per market price of less than RM3k through some new consortiums that setup just to transact the notebook deal. There was no math & science content for the teachers and the notebooks are all with the teachers' children now.
12. The commission paid for purchase of jets and submarines to two private companies Perimeker Sdn Bhd and IMT Defence Sdn Bhd amounted to RM910 million.
13. RM300 million to compensate Gerbang Perdana for the RM1.1 billion “Crooked Scenic Half-Bridge”
14. RM1.3 billion have been wasted building the white elephant Customs, Immigration and Quarantine (CIQ) facilities on cancellation of the Malaysia-Singapore scenic bridge
15. RM 100 million on renovation of Parliament building and leaks
16. National Astronaut Programme - RM 40 million
17. National Service Training Programme - yearly an estimate of RM 500 million
18. Eye on Malaysia - RM 30 million and another RM5.7 million of free ticket
19. RM 4.63 billion, ’soft-loan’ to PKFZ
20. RM 2.4 million on indelible ink
21. Samy announced in September 2006 that the government paid compensation amounting to RM 38.5 billion to 20 highway companies. RM 380 million windfalls for 9 toll concessionaires earned solely from the toll hike in 2008 alone.
22.. RM32 million timber export kickbacks involving companies connected to Sarawak Chief Minister and his family.
Bailouts –
23.. Two bailouts of Malaysia Airline System RM7.9 billion. At a time when MAS incurring losses every year, RM1.55 million used to buy three paintings to decorate its chairman's (Munir) office. 24. Putra transport system bailout which cost RM4.486 billion.
25. STAR-LRT bailout costing RM3.256 billion.
26. National Sewerage System bailout costing RM192.54 million.
27. Seremban-Port Dickson Highway bailout costing RM142 million.
28. Kuching Prison bailout costing RM135 million.
29.. Kajian Makanan dan Gunaan Orang Islam bailout costing RM8.3 million.
30. Le Tour de Langkawi bailout costing RM 3.5 Million.
Monday, October 18, 2010
SAKRATUL MAUT
Detik-detik terakhir Rasulullah SAW menghadapi sakratulmaut…
Pagi itu, walaupun langit telah mulai menguning, burung-burung gurun enggan mengepakkan sayap. Pagi itu, Rasulullah dengan suara terbatas memberikan khutbah, "Wahai umatku, kita semua ada dalam kekuasaan Allah dan cinta kasih-Nya. Maka taati dan bertakwalah kepada-Nya. Ku wariskan dua perkara pada kalian, Al-Qur'an dan sunnahku. Barang siapa mencintai sunnahku, bererti mencintai aku dan kelak orang-orang yang mencintaiku, akan masuk syurga bersama-sama aku." Khutbah singkat itu diakhiri dengan pandangan mata Rasulullah yang tenang dan penuh minat menatap sahabatnya satu persatu.
Abu Bakar menatap mata itu dengan berkaca-kaca, Umar adanya naik turun menahan nafas dan tangisnya. Usman menghela nafas panjang dan Ali menundukkan kepalanya dalam-dalam. Isyarat itu telah datang, saatnya sudah tiba. "Rasulullah akan meninggalkan kita semua," keluh hati semua sahabat kala itu. Manusia tercinta itu, hampir selesai menunaikan tugasnya di dunia. Tanda-tanda itu semakin kuat, tatkala Ali dan Fadhal dengan cergas menangkap Rasulullah yang berkeadaan lemah dan goyah ketika turun dari mimbar. Disaat itu, kalau mampu, seluruh sahabat yang hadir di sana pasti akan menahan detik-detik berlalu.
Matahari kian tinggi, tapi pintu rumah Rasulullah masih tertutup. Sedang di dalamnya, Rasulullah sedang terbaring lemah dengan keningnya yang berkeringat dan membasahi pelepah kurma yang menjadi alas tidurnya. Tiba-tiba dari luar pintu terdengar seorang yang berseru mengucapkan salam. "Bolehkah saya masuk?" tanyanya. Tapi Fatimah tidak mengizinkannya masuk, "Maafkanlah, ayahku sedang demam," kata Fatimah yang membalikkan badan dan menutup pintu.
Kemudian ia kembali menemani ayahnya yang ternyata sudah membuka mata dan bertanya pada Fatimah, "Siapakah itu wahai anakku?" "Tak tahulah ayahku, orang sepertinya baru sekali ini aku melihatnya," tutur Fatimah lembut. Lalu, Rasulullah menatap puterinya itu dengan pandangan yang menggetarkan. Seolah-olah bahagian demi bahagian wajah anaknya itu hendak dikenang. "Ketahuilah, dialah yang menghapuskan kenikmatan sementara, dialah yang memisahkan pertemuan di dunia. Dialah malaikatul maut," kata Rasulullah, Fatimah pun menahan ledakkan tangisnya. Malaikat maut datang menghampiri, tapi Rasulullah menanyakan kenapa Jibril tidak ikut sama menyertainya. Kemudian dipanggilah Jibril yang sebelumnya sudah bersiap di atas langit dunia menyambut ruh kekasih Allah dan penghulu dunia ini.
"Jibril, jelaskan apa hakku nanti di hadapan Allah?" Tanya Rasululllah dengan suara yang amat lemah. "Pintu-pintu langit telah terbuka, para malaikat telah menanti ruhmu. Semua syurga terbuka lebar menanti kedatanganmu," kata Jibril. Tapi itu ternyata tidak membuatkan Rasulullah lega, matanya masih penuh kecemasan. "Engkau tidak senang mendengar khabar ini?" Tanya Jibril lagi. "Khabarkan kepadaku bagaimana nasib umatku kelak?" "Jangan khawatir, wahai Rasul Allah, aku pernah mendengar Allah berfirman kepadaku: 'Ku haramkan syurga bagi siapa saja, kecuali umat Muhammad telah berada di dalamnya," kata Jibril.
Detik-detik semakin dekat, saatnya Izrail melakukan tugas. Perlahan ruh Rasulullah ditarik. Nampak seluruh tubuh Rasulullah bersimbah peluh, urat-urat lehernya menegang. "Jibril, betapa sakit sakaratul maut ini." Perlahan Rasulullah mengaduh. Fatimah terpejam, Ali yang disampingnya menunduk semakin dalam dan Jibril memalingkan muka.
"Jijikkah kau melihatku, hingga kau palingkan wajahmu Jibril?" Tanya Rasulullah pada Malaikat pengantar wahyu itu. "Siapakah yang sanggup,melihat kekasih Allah direnggut ajal," kata Jibril. Sebentar kemudian terdengar Rasulullah memekik, kerana sakit yang tidak tertahankan lagi. "Ya Allah, dahsyat nian maut ini, timpakan saja semua siksa maut ini kepadaku, jangan pada umatku. "Badan Rasulullah mulai dingin, kaki dan dadanya sudah tidak bergerak lagi. Bibirnya bergetar seakan hendak membisikkan sesuatu, Ali segera mendekatkan telinganya "Uushiikum bis shalati, wa maa malakat aimanuku", peliharalah shalat dan peliharalah orang-orang lemah di antaramu." Di luar pintu tangis mulai terdengar bersahutan, sahabat saling berpelukan. Fatimah menutupkan tangan di wajahnya, dan Ali kembali mendekatkan telinganya ke bibir Rasulullah yang mulai kebiruan."Ummatii, ummatii, ummatiii?" -"Umatku, umatku, umatku" Dan berakhirlah hidup manusia mulia yang memberi sinaran itu. Kini, mampukah kita mencintai sepertinya? Allahumma sholli 'ala Muhammad wa baarik wa salim 'alaihi. Betapa cintanya Rasulullah kepada kita.
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Pagi itu, walaupun langit telah mulai menguning, burung-burung gurun enggan mengepakkan sayap. Pagi itu, Rasulullah dengan suara terbatas memberikan khutbah, "Wahai umatku, kita semua ada dalam kekuasaan Allah dan cinta kasih-Nya. Maka taati dan bertakwalah kepada-Nya. Ku wariskan dua perkara pada kalian, Al-Qur'an dan sunnahku. Barang siapa mencintai sunnahku, bererti mencintai aku dan kelak orang-orang yang mencintaiku, akan masuk syurga bersama-sama aku." Khutbah singkat itu diakhiri dengan pandangan mata Rasulullah yang tenang dan penuh minat menatap sahabatnya satu persatu.
Abu Bakar menatap mata itu dengan berkaca-kaca, Umar adanya naik turun menahan nafas dan tangisnya. Usman menghela nafas panjang dan Ali menundukkan kepalanya dalam-dalam. Isyarat itu telah datang, saatnya sudah tiba. "Rasulullah akan meninggalkan kita semua," keluh hati semua sahabat kala itu. Manusia tercinta itu, hampir selesai menunaikan tugasnya di dunia. Tanda-tanda itu semakin kuat, tatkala Ali dan Fadhal dengan cergas menangkap Rasulullah yang berkeadaan lemah dan goyah ketika turun dari mimbar. Disaat itu, kalau mampu, seluruh sahabat yang hadir di sana pasti akan menahan detik-detik berlalu.
Matahari kian tinggi, tapi pintu rumah Rasulullah masih tertutup. Sedang di dalamnya, Rasulullah sedang terbaring lemah dengan keningnya yang berkeringat dan membasahi pelepah kurma yang menjadi alas tidurnya. Tiba-tiba dari luar pintu terdengar seorang yang berseru mengucapkan salam. "Bolehkah saya masuk?" tanyanya. Tapi Fatimah tidak mengizinkannya masuk, "Maafkanlah, ayahku sedang demam," kata Fatimah yang membalikkan badan dan menutup pintu.
Kemudian ia kembali menemani ayahnya yang ternyata sudah membuka mata dan bertanya pada Fatimah, "Siapakah itu wahai anakku?" "Tak tahulah ayahku, orang sepertinya baru sekali ini aku melihatnya," tutur Fatimah lembut. Lalu, Rasulullah menatap puterinya itu dengan pandangan yang menggetarkan. Seolah-olah bahagian demi bahagian wajah anaknya itu hendak dikenang. "Ketahuilah, dialah yang menghapuskan kenikmatan sementara, dialah yang memisahkan pertemuan di dunia. Dialah malaikatul maut," kata Rasulullah, Fatimah pun menahan ledakkan tangisnya. Malaikat maut datang menghampiri, tapi Rasulullah menanyakan kenapa Jibril tidak ikut sama menyertainya. Kemudian dipanggilah Jibril yang sebelumnya sudah bersiap di atas langit dunia menyambut ruh kekasih Allah dan penghulu dunia ini.
"Jibril, jelaskan apa hakku nanti di hadapan Allah?" Tanya Rasululllah dengan suara yang amat lemah. "Pintu-pintu langit telah terbuka, para malaikat telah menanti ruhmu. Semua syurga terbuka lebar menanti kedatanganmu," kata Jibril. Tapi itu ternyata tidak membuatkan Rasulullah lega, matanya masih penuh kecemasan. "Engkau tidak senang mendengar khabar ini?" Tanya Jibril lagi. "Khabarkan kepadaku bagaimana nasib umatku kelak?" "Jangan khawatir, wahai Rasul Allah, aku pernah mendengar Allah berfirman kepadaku: 'Ku haramkan syurga bagi siapa saja, kecuali umat Muhammad telah berada di dalamnya," kata Jibril.
Detik-detik semakin dekat, saatnya Izrail melakukan tugas. Perlahan ruh Rasulullah ditarik. Nampak seluruh tubuh Rasulullah bersimbah peluh, urat-urat lehernya menegang. "Jibril, betapa sakit sakaratul maut ini." Perlahan Rasulullah mengaduh. Fatimah terpejam, Ali yang disampingnya menunduk semakin dalam dan Jibril memalingkan muka.
"Jijikkah kau melihatku, hingga kau palingkan wajahmu Jibril?" Tanya Rasulullah pada Malaikat pengantar wahyu itu. "Siapakah yang sanggup,melihat kekasih Allah direnggut ajal," kata Jibril. Sebentar kemudian terdengar Rasulullah memekik, kerana sakit yang tidak tertahankan lagi. "Ya Allah, dahsyat nian maut ini, timpakan saja semua siksa maut ini kepadaku, jangan pada umatku. "Badan Rasulullah mulai dingin, kaki dan dadanya sudah tidak bergerak lagi. Bibirnya bergetar seakan hendak membisikkan sesuatu, Ali segera mendekatkan telinganya "Uushiikum bis shalati, wa maa malakat aimanuku", peliharalah shalat dan peliharalah orang-orang lemah di antaramu." Di luar pintu tangis mulai terdengar bersahutan, sahabat saling berpelukan. Fatimah menutupkan tangan di wajahnya, dan Ali kembali mendekatkan telinganya ke bibir Rasulullah yang mulai kebiruan."Ummatii, ummatii, ummatiii?" -"Umatku, umatku, umatku" Dan berakhirlah hidup manusia mulia yang memberi sinaran itu. Kini, mampukah kita mencintai sepertinya? Allahumma sholli 'ala Muhammad wa baarik wa salim 'alaihi. Betapa cintanya Rasulullah kepada kita.
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LELAKI DAYUS
lelaki dayus yang dimaksudkan oleh Nabi SAW tidak akan masuk syurga Nabi SAW bersabda ثلاثة لا ينظر الله عز وجل إليهم يوم القيامة: العاق لوالديه، والمترجلة، والديوث. رواه أحمد والنسائي
Ertinya : Tiga golongan yang Allah tidak akan melihat (bermakna tiada bantuan dari dikenakan azab) mereka di hari kiamat : Si penderhaka kepada ibu bapa, si perempuan yang menyerupai lelaki dan si lelaki DAYUS” ( Riwayat Ahmad & An-Nasaie: Albani mengesahkannya sahih: Ghayatul Maram, no 278 ) Dalam sebuah hadith lain pula : ثلاثةٌ قد حَرّمَ اللهُ – تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى – عليهم الجنةَ : مُدْمِنُ الخمر ، والعاقّ ، والدّيّوثُ الذي يُقِرُّ في أَهْلِهِ الخُبْثَ . رواه أحمد والنسائي
Ertinya : Tiga yang telah Allah haramkan baginya Syurga : orang yang ketagih arak, si penderhaka kepada ibu bapa dan Si Dayus yang membiarkan maksiat dilakukan oleh ahli keluarganya” ( Riwayat Ahmad ).
Malah banyak lagi hadis-hadis yang membawa makna yang hampir dengan dua hadis ini. Secara ringkasnya, apakah dan siapakah lelaki dayus. Dayus telah disebutkan dalam beberapa riwayat athar dan hadis yang lain iaitu Sabda Nabi : وعن عمار بن ياسر عن رسول الله قال ثلاثة لا يدخلون الجنة أبدا الديوث والرجلة من النساء والمدمن الخمر قالوا يا رسول الله أما المدمن الخمر فقد عرفناه فما الديوث قال الذي لا يبالي من دخل على أهله
Ertinya : Dari Ammar bin Yasir berkata, ia mendengar dari Rasulullah SAW berkata : ” Tiga yang tidak memasuki syurga sampai bila-bila iaitu Si DAYUS, si wanita yang menyerupai lelaki dan orang yang ketagih arak” lalu sahabat berkata : Wahai Rasulullah, kami telah faham erti orang yang ketagih arak, tetapi apakah itu DAYUS? , berkata nabi : “IAITU ORANG YANG TIDAK MEMPERDULIKAN SIAPA YANG MASUK BERTEMU DENGAN AHLINYA (ISTERI DAN ANAK-ANAKNYA) – ( Riwayat At-Tabrani ; Majma az-Zawaid, 4/327 dan rawinya adalah thiqat.
Dari hadith di atas, kita dapat memahami bahawa maksud lelaki DAYUS adalah si suami atau bapa yang langsung tiada perasaan risau dan ambil endah dengan siapa isteri dan anaknya bersama, bertemu, malah sebahagiannya membiarkan sahaja isterinya dan anak perempuannya dipegang dan dipeluk oleh sebarangan lelaki lain.
2) Pernah juga diriwayatkan dalam hadith lain, soalan yang sama dari sahabat tentang siapakah dayus, lalu jawab Nabi قالوا يا رسول الله وما الديوث قال من يقر السوء في أهله Ertinya : Apakah dayus itu wahai Rasulullah ?. Jawab Nabi : Iaitu seseorang ( lelaki) yang membiarkan kejahatan ( zina, buka aurat, bergaul bebas ) dilakukan oleh ahlinya ( isteri dan keluarganya)
Penerangan Ulama Tentang Lelaki Dayus
Jika kita melihat tafsiran oleh para ulama berkenaan istilah Dayus, ia adalah seperti berikut هو الذي لا يغار على أهله Ertinya : “seseorang yang tidak ada perasaan cemburu (kerana iman) terhadap ahlinya (isteri dan anak-anaknya) (An-Nihayah,2/147 ; Lisan al-Arab, 2/150)
Imam Al-‘Aini pula berkata : “Cemburu lawannya dayus” ( Umdatul Qari, 18/228 ) قال النحاس هو أن يحمي الرجل زوجته وغيرها من قرابته ويمنع أن يدخل عليهن أو يراهن غير ذي محرم
Ertinya : cemburu ( iaitu lawan kepada dayus ) adalah seorang lelaki itu melindungi isterinya dan kaum kerabatnya dari ditemui dan dilihat (auratnya) oleh lelaki bukan mahram ” (Tuhfatul Ahwazi, Disebut dalam kitab Faidhul Qadir فكأن الديوث ذلل حتى رأى المنكر بأهله فلا يغيره
Ertinya : Seolah-olah takrif dayus itu membawa erti kehinaan (kepada si lelaki) sehingga apabila ia melihat kemungkaran (dilakukan) oleh isteri dan ahli keluarganya ia tidak mengubahnya” ( Faidhul Qadir, 3/327 ) Imam Az-Zahabi pula berkata فمن كان يظن بأهله الفاحشة ويتغافل لمحبته فيها فهو دون من يعرس عليها ولا خير فيمن لا غيرة فيه
Ertinya : Dayus adalah sesiapa yang menyangka ( atau mendapat tanda) bahawa isterinya melakukan perkara keji ( seperti zina) maka ia mengabaikannya kerana CINTAnya kepada isterinya , maka tiada kebaikan untuknya dan tanda tiada kecemburuan ( yang diperlukan oleh Islam) dalam dirinya” ( Al-Kabair, 1/62 )
Imam Ibn Qayyim pula berkata قال ابن القيم وذكر الديوث في هذا وما قبله يدل على أن أصل الدين الغيرة من لا غيرة له لا دين له فالغيرة تحمي القلب فتحمى له الجوارح فترفع السوء والفواحش وعدمها يميت القلب فتموت الجوارح فلا يبقى عندها دفع البتة
Ertinya : Sesungguhnya asal dalam agama adalah perlunya rasa ambil berat (protective) atau kecemburuan ( terhadap ahli keluarga) , dan barangsiapa yang tiada perasaan ini maka itulah tanda tiada agama dalam dirinya, kerana perasaan cemburu ini menjaga hati dan menjaga anggota sehingga terjauh dari kejahatan dan perkara keji, tanpanya hati akan mati maka matilah juga sensitiviti anggota ( terhadap perkara haram), sehingga menyebabkan tiadanya kekuatan untuk menolak kejahatan dan menghindarkannya sama sekali.
Dayus adalah dosa besar
Ulama Islam juga bersetuju untuk mengkategorikan dayus ini dalam bab dosa besar, sehingga disebutkan dalam satu athar لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الدَّيُّوثَ ( وَاللَّعْنُ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ الْكَبِيرَةِ فَلِهَذَا وَجَبَ الْفِرَاقُ وَحَرُمَتْ الْعِشْرَةُ
Ertinya : Allah telah melaknat lelaki dayus ( laknat bermakna ia adalah dosa besar dan kerana itu wajiblah dipisahkan suami itu dari isterinya dan diharamkan bergaul dengannya) (Matalib uli nuha, 5/320 )
Walaupun ia bukanlah satu fatwa yang terpakai secara meluas, tetapi ia cukup untuk menunjukkan betapa tegasnya sebahagian ulama dalam hal kedayusan lelaki ini
Petikan ini pula menunjukkan lebih dahsyatnya takrifan para ulama tentang erti dayus dan istilah yang hampir dengannya :
والقواد عند العامة السمسار في الزنى
Ertinya : Al-Qawwad ( salah satu istilah yang disama ertikan dengan dayus) di sisi umum ulama adalah broker kepada zina” (Manar as-sabil, 2/340 , rawdhatul tolibin, 8/186 )
Imam Az-Zahabi menerangkan lagi berkenaan perihal dayus dengan katanya
الديوث وهو الذي يعلم بالفاحشة في أهله ويسكت ولا يغار وورد أيضا أن من وضع يده على امرأة لا تحل له بشهوة
Ertinya : Dayus, iaitu lelaki yang mengetahui perkara keji dilakukan oleh ahlinya dan ia sekadar senyap dan tiada rasa cemburu ( atau ingin bertindak), dan termasuk juga ertinya adalah sesiapa yang meletakkan tangannya kepada seorang wanita yang tidak halal baginya dengan syahwat” (Al-kabair, 1/45 )
Cemburu Dituntut Islam & Jangan Marah
Ada isteri yang menyalahkan suami kerana terlalu cemburu, benar cemburu buta memang menyusahkan, memang dalam hal suami yang bertanya isteri itu dan ini menyiasat, saya nasihatkan agar isteri janganlah memarahi suami anda yang melakukan tindakan demikian dan jangan juga merasakan kecil hati sambil membuat kesimpulan bahawa suami tidak percaya kepada diri anda. Kerap berlaku, suami akan segera disalah erti sebagai ‘tidak mempunyai kepercayaan’ kepada isteri.
Sebenarnya, kita perlu memahami bahawa ia adalah satu tuntutan dalam Islam dan menunjukkan anda sedang memiliki suami yang bertanggungjawab dan sedang subur imannya.
Selain itu, bergembiralah sang suami yang memperolehi isteri solehah kerana suami tidak lagi sukar untuk mengelakkan dirinya dari terjerumus dalam lembah kedayusan. Ini kerana tanpa sebarang campur tangan dan nasihat dari sang suami, isteri sudah pandai menjaga aurat, maruah dan dirinya.
من سعادة ابن آدم المرأة الصالحة
“Dari tanda kebahagian anak Adam adalah memperolehi wanita solehah ( isteri dan anak)” ( Riwayat Ahmad, no 1445, 1/168 )
Memang amat beruntung, malangnya tidak mudah memperolehi isteri solehah di zaman kehancuran ini, sebagaimana sukarnya mencari suami yang tidak dayus. Sejak dulu, agak banyak juga email dari pelbagai golongan muda kepada saya menyebut tentang keterlanjuran mereka secara ‘ringan’ dan ‘berat’, mereka ingin mengetahui cara bertawbat.
Jika seorang bapa mengetahui ‘ringan-ringan’ anak dan membiarkannya, ia dayus. Ingin saya tegaskan, seorang wanita dan lelaki yang telah ‘ringan-ringan’ atau ‘terlanjur’ sebelum kahwin di ketika bercinta, tanpa taubat yang sangat serius, rumah tangga mereka pasti goyah. Kemungkinan besar apabila telah berumah tangga, si suami atau isteri ini akan terjebak juga dengan ‘ringan-ringan’ dengan orang lain pula.
Hanya dengan tawbat nasuha dapat menghalangkan aktiviti mungkar itu dari melepasi alam rumah tangga mereka. Seterusnya, ia akan merebak pula kepada anak-anak mereka, ini kerana benih ‘ringan-ringan’ dan ‘terlanjur’ ini akan terus merebak kepada zuriat mereka. Awas..!!
Dalam hal ini, semua suami dan ayah perlu bertindak bagi mengelakkan diri mereka jatuh dalam dayus.
Jagalah zuriat anda
Suami juga patut sekali sekala menyemak hand phone isteri, beg isteri dan lain-lain untuk memastikan tiada yang diragui. Mungkin ada isteri yang curang ini dapat menyembunyikan dosanya, tetapi sepandai-pandai tupai melompat akhirnya akan tertangkap jua. Saya tahu, pasti akan ada wanita yang kata, “habis, kami ini tak yah check suami kami ke ustaz.
Jawabnya, perlu juga, cuma topik saya sekarang ni sedang mencerita tanggung jawab suami. Maka perlulah saya fokus kepada tugas suami dulu ye
Cemburu seorang suami dan ayah adalah wajib bagi mereka demi menjaga maruah dan kehormatan isteri dan anak-anaknya.
Diriwayatkan bagaimana satu peristiwa di zaman Nabi قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ : لَوْ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً مَعَ امْرَأَتِي لَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسّيْفِ غَيْرُ مُصْفِحٍ عَنْهُ ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه على آله وسلم فَقَالَ : أَتَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ غَيْرَةِ سَعْدٍ ؟ فَوَ الله لأَنَا أَغْيَرُ مِنْهُ ، وَالله أَغْيَرُ مِنّي ، مِنْ أَجْلِ غَيْرَةِ الله حَرّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَن.
Ertinya : Berkata Ubadah bin Somit r.a : “Jika aku nampak ada lelaki yang sibuk bersama isteriku, nescaya akan ku pukulnya dengan pedangku”, maka disampaikan kepada Nabi akan kata-kata Sa’ad tadi, lalu nabi memberi respond : “Adakah kamu kagum dengan sifat cemburu (untuk agama) yang dipunyai oleh Sa’ad ? , Demi Allah, aku lebih kuat cemburu (ambil endah dan benci demi agama) berbandingnya, malah Allah lebih cemburu dariku, kerana kecemburuan Allah itulah maka diharamkan setiap perkara keji yang ternyata dan tersembunyi.. ” ( Riwayat Al-Bukhari & Muslim )
Lihat betapa Allah dan RasulNya inginkan para suami dan ayah mempunyai sifat protective kepada ahli keluarga dari melakukan sebarang perkara keji dan mungkar, khasnya zina.
BILA LELAKI MENJADI DAYUS
1. Membiarkan kecantikan aurat, bentuk tubuh isterinya dinikmati oleh lelaki lain sepanjang waktu pejabat (jika bekerja) atau di luar rumah
2. Membiarkan isterinya balik lewat dari kerja yang tidak diketahui bersama dengan lelaki apa dan siapa, serta apa yang dibuatnya di pejabat dan siapa yang menghantar.
3. Membiarkan aurat isterinya dan anak perempuannya dewasanya terlihat (terselak kain) semasa menaiki motor atau apa jua kenderaan sepanjang yang menyebabkan aurat terlihat.
4. Membiarkan anak perempuannya ber’dating’ dengan tunangnya atau teman lelaki bukan mahramnya.
5. Membiarkan anak perempuan berdua-duaan dengan pasangannya di rumah kononnya ibu bapa ‘spoting’ yang memahami
6. Menyuruh, mengarahkan dan berbangga dengan anak perempuan dan isteri memakai pakaian yang seksi di luar rumah
7. Membiarkan anak perempuannya memasuki akademi fantasia, mentor, gang starz dan lain-lain yang sepertinya sehingga mempamerkan kecantikan kepada jutaan manusia bukan mahram
8. Membiarkan isterinya atau anaknya menjadi pelakon dan berpelukan dengan lelaki lain kononnya atas dasar seni dan lakonan semata-mata. Adakah semasa berlakon nafsu seorang lelaki di hilangkan?. Tidak sekali-sekali
9. Membiarkan isteri kerja dan keluar rumah tanpa menutup aurat dengan sempurna
10. Membiarkan isteri disentuh anggota tubuhnya oleh lelaki lain tanpa sebab yang diiktiraf oleh Islam seperti menyelematkannya dari lemas dan yang sepertinya
11. Membiarkan isterinya bersalin dengan dibidani oleh doktor lelaki tanpa terdesak dan keperluan yang tiada pilihan
12. Membawa isteri dan anak perempuan untuk dirawati oleh doktor lelaki sedangkan wujudnya klinik dan hospital yang mempunyai doktor wanita
13. Membiarkan isteri pergi kerja menumpang dengan teman lelaki sepejabat tanpa sebarang cemburu
14. Membiarkan isteri kerap berdua-duan dengan pemandu kereta lelaki tanpa sebarang pemerhatian.
Terlalu banyak lagi jika ingin saya coretkan di sini. Kedayusan ini hanya akan sabit kepada lelaki jika semua maksiat yang dilakukan oleh isteri atau anaknya secara terbuka dan diketahui olehnya, adapun jika berlaku secara sulit, suami tidaklah bertanggungjawab dan tidak sabit ‘dayus’ kepad dirinya. Mungkin kita akan berkata dalam hati
Jika demikian, ramainya lelaki dayus di kelilingku”
Lebih penting adalah kita melihat, adakah kita sendiri tergolong dalam salah satu yang disebut tadi.
Awas wahai lelaki beriman..jangan kita termasuk dalam golongan yang berdosa besar ini.
Wahai para isteri dan anak-anak perempuan, jika anda sayangkan suami dan bapa anda, janganlah anda memasukkan mereka dalam kategori DAYUS yang tiada ruang untuk ke syurga Allah SWT.
Sayangilah dirimu dan keluargamu. Jagalah dirimu dan keluargamu dari api neraka.
Akhirnya, wahai para suami dan ayah, pertahankan agama isteri dan keluargamu walau terpaksa bermatian kerananya. Nabi SAW bersabda من قتل دون أهله فهو شهيد
Ertinya : “Barangsiapa yang mati dibunuh kerana mempertahankan ahli keluarganya, maka ia adalah mati syahid” ( Riwayat Ahmad , Sohih menurut Syeikh Syuaib Arnout
Ertinya : Tiga golongan yang Allah tidak akan melihat (bermakna tiada bantuan dari dikenakan azab) mereka di hari kiamat : Si penderhaka kepada ibu bapa, si perempuan yang menyerupai lelaki dan si lelaki DAYUS” ( Riwayat Ahmad & An-Nasaie: Albani mengesahkannya sahih: Ghayatul Maram, no 278 ) Dalam sebuah hadith lain pula : ثلاثةٌ قد حَرّمَ اللهُ – تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى – عليهم الجنةَ : مُدْمِنُ الخمر ، والعاقّ ، والدّيّوثُ الذي يُقِرُّ في أَهْلِهِ الخُبْثَ . رواه أحمد والنسائي
Ertinya : Tiga yang telah Allah haramkan baginya Syurga : orang yang ketagih arak, si penderhaka kepada ibu bapa dan Si Dayus yang membiarkan maksiat dilakukan oleh ahli keluarganya” ( Riwayat Ahmad ).
Malah banyak lagi hadis-hadis yang membawa makna yang hampir dengan dua hadis ini. Secara ringkasnya, apakah dan siapakah lelaki dayus. Dayus telah disebutkan dalam beberapa riwayat athar dan hadis yang lain iaitu Sabda Nabi : وعن عمار بن ياسر عن رسول الله قال ثلاثة لا يدخلون الجنة أبدا الديوث والرجلة من النساء والمدمن الخمر قالوا يا رسول الله أما المدمن الخمر فقد عرفناه فما الديوث قال الذي لا يبالي من دخل على أهله
Ertinya : Dari Ammar bin Yasir berkata, ia mendengar dari Rasulullah SAW berkata : ” Tiga yang tidak memasuki syurga sampai bila-bila iaitu Si DAYUS, si wanita yang menyerupai lelaki dan orang yang ketagih arak” lalu sahabat berkata : Wahai Rasulullah, kami telah faham erti orang yang ketagih arak, tetapi apakah itu DAYUS? , berkata nabi : “IAITU ORANG YANG TIDAK MEMPERDULIKAN SIAPA YANG MASUK BERTEMU DENGAN AHLINYA (ISTERI DAN ANAK-ANAKNYA) – ( Riwayat At-Tabrani ; Majma az-Zawaid, 4/327 dan rawinya adalah thiqat.
Dari hadith di atas, kita dapat memahami bahawa maksud lelaki DAYUS adalah si suami atau bapa yang langsung tiada perasaan risau dan ambil endah dengan siapa isteri dan anaknya bersama, bertemu, malah sebahagiannya membiarkan sahaja isterinya dan anak perempuannya dipegang dan dipeluk oleh sebarangan lelaki lain.
2) Pernah juga diriwayatkan dalam hadith lain, soalan yang sama dari sahabat tentang siapakah dayus, lalu jawab Nabi قالوا يا رسول الله وما الديوث قال من يقر السوء في أهله Ertinya : Apakah dayus itu wahai Rasulullah ?. Jawab Nabi : Iaitu seseorang ( lelaki) yang membiarkan kejahatan ( zina, buka aurat, bergaul bebas ) dilakukan oleh ahlinya ( isteri dan keluarganya)
Penerangan Ulama Tentang Lelaki Dayus
Jika kita melihat tafsiran oleh para ulama berkenaan istilah Dayus, ia adalah seperti berikut هو الذي لا يغار على أهله Ertinya : “seseorang yang tidak ada perasaan cemburu (kerana iman) terhadap ahlinya (isteri dan anak-anaknya) (An-Nihayah,2/147 ; Lisan al-Arab, 2/150)
Imam Al-‘Aini pula berkata : “Cemburu lawannya dayus” ( Umdatul Qari, 18/228 ) قال النحاس هو أن يحمي الرجل زوجته وغيرها من قرابته ويمنع أن يدخل عليهن أو يراهن غير ذي محرم
Ertinya : cemburu ( iaitu lawan kepada dayus ) adalah seorang lelaki itu melindungi isterinya dan kaum kerabatnya dari ditemui dan dilihat (auratnya) oleh lelaki bukan mahram ” (Tuhfatul Ahwazi, Disebut dalam kitab Faidhul Qadir فكأن الديوث ذلل حتى رأى المنكر بأهله فلا يغيره
Ertinya : Seolah-olah takrif dayus itu membawa erti kehinaan (kepada si lelaki) sehingga apabila ia melihat kemungkaran (dilakukan) oleh isteri dan ahli keluarganya ia tidak mengubahnya” ( Faidhul Qadir, 3/327 ) Imam Az-Zahabi pula berkata فمن كان يظن بأهله الفاحشة ويتغافل لمحبته فيها فهو دون من يعرس عليها ولا خير فيمن لا غيرة فيه
Ertinya : Dayus adalah sesiapa yang menyangka ( atau mendapat tanda) bahawa isterinya melakukan perkara keji ( seperti zina) maka ia mengabaikannya kerana CINTAnya kepada isterinya , maka tiada kebaikan untuknya dan tanda tiada kecemburuan ( yang diperlukan oleh Islam) dalam dirinya” ( Al-Kabair, 1/62 )
Imam Ibn Qayyim pula berkata قال ابن القيم وذكر الديوث في هذا وما قبله يدل على أن أصل الدين الغيرة من لا غيرة له لا دين له فالغيرة تحمي القلب فتحمى له الجوارح فترفع السوء والفواحش وعدمها يميت القلب فتموت الجوارح فلا يبقى عندها دفع البتة
Ertinya : Sesungguhnya asal dalam agama adalah perlunya rasa ambil berat (protective) atau kecemburuan ( terhadap ahli keluarga) , dan barangsiapa yang tiada perasaan ini maka itulah tanda tiada agama dalam dirinya, kerana perasaan cemburu ini menjaga hati dan menjaga anggota sehingga terjauh dari kejahatan dan perkara keji, tanpanya hati akan mati maka matilah juga sensitiviti anggota ( terhadap perkara haram), sehingga menyebabkan tiadanya kekuatan untuk menolak kejahatan dan menghindarkannya sama sekali.
Dayus adalah dosa besar
Ulama Islam juga bersetuju untuk mengkategorikan dayus ini dalam bab dosa besar, sehingga disebutkan dalam satu athar لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الدَّيُّوثَ ( وَاللَّعْنُ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ الْكَبِيرَةِ فَلِهَذَا وَجَبَ الْفِرَاقُ وَحَرُمَتْ الْعِشْرَةُ
Ertinya : Allah telah melaknat lelaki dayus ( laknat bermakna ia adalah dosa besar dan kerana itu wajiblah dipisahkan suami itu dari isterinya dan diharamkan bergaul dengannya) (Matalib uli nuha, 5/320 )
Walaupun ia bukanlah satu fatwa yang terpakai secara meluas, tetapi ia cukup untuk menunjukkan betapa tegasnya sebahagian ulama dalam hal kedayusan lelaki ini
Petikan ini pula menunjukkan lebih dahsyatnya takrifan para ulama tentang erti dayus dan istilah yang hampir dengannya :
والقواد عند العامة السمسار في الزنى
Ertinya : Al-Qawwad ( salah satu istilah yang disama ertikan dengan dayus) di sisi umum ulama adalah broker kepada zina” (Manar as-sabil, 2/340 , rawdhatul tolibin, 8/186 )
Imam Az-Zahabi menerangkan lagi berkenaan perihal dayus dengan katanya
الديوث وهو الذي يعلم بالفاحشة في أهله ويسكت ولا يغار وورد أيضا أن من وضع يده على امرأة لا تحل له بشهوة
Ertinya : Dayus, iaitu lelaki yang mengetahui perkara keji dilakukan oleh ahlinya dan ia sekadar senyap dan tiada rasa cemburu ( atau ingin bertindak), dan termasuk juga ertinya adalah sesiapa yang meletakkan tangannya kepada seorang wanita yang tidak halal baginya dengan syahwat” (Al-kabair, 1/45 )
Cemburu Dituntut Islam & Jangan Marah
Ada isteri yang menyalahkan suami kerana terlalu cemburu, benar cemburu buta memang menyusahkan, memang dalam hal suami yang bertanya isteri itu dan ini menyiasat, saya nasihatkan agar isteri janganlah memarahi suami anda yang melakukan tindakan demikian dan jangan juga merasakan kecil hati sambil membuat kesimpulan bahawa suami tidak percaya kepada diri anda. Kerap berlaku, suami akan segera disalah erti sebagai ‘tidak mempunyai kepercayaan’ kepada isteri.
Sebenarnya, kita perlu memahami bahawa ia adalah satu tuntutan dalam Islam dan menunjukkan anda sedang memiliki suami yang bertanggungjawab dan sedang subur imannya.
Selain itu, bergembiralah sang suami yang memperolehi isteri solehah kerana suami tidak lagi sukar untuk mengelakkan dirinya dari terjerumus dalam lembah kedayusan. Ini kerana tanpa sebarang campur tangan dan nasihat dari sang suami, isteri sudah pandai menjaga aurat, maruah dan dirinya.
من سعادة ابن آدم المرأة الصالحة
“Dari tanda kebahagian anak Adam adalah memperolehi wanita solehah ( isteri dan anak)” ( Riwayat Ahmad, no 1445, 1/168 )
Memang amat beruntung, malangnya tidak mudah memperolehi isteri solehah di zaman kehancuran ini, sebagaimana sukarnya mencari suami yang tidak dayus. Sejak dulu, agak banyak juga email dari pelbagai golongan muda kepada saya menyebut tentang keterlanjuran mereka secara ‘ringan’ dan ‘berat’, mereka ingin mengetahui cara bertawbat.
Jika seorang bapa mengetahui ‘ringan-ringan’ anak dan membiarkannya, ia dayus. Ingin saya tegaskan, seorang wanita dan lelaki yang telah ‘ringan-ringan’ atau ‘terlanjur’ sebelum kahwin di ketika bercinta, tanpa taubat yang sangat serius, rumah tangga mereka pasti goyah. Kemungkinan besar apabila telah berumah tangga, si suami atau isteri ini akan terjebak juga dengan ‘ringan-ringan’ dengan orang lain pula.
Hanya dengan tawbat nasuha dapat menghalangkan aktiviti mungkar itu dari melepasi alam rumah tangga mereka. Seterusnya, ia akan merebak pula kepada anak-anak mereka, ini kerana benih ‘ringan-ringan’ dan ‘terlanjur’ ini akan terus merebak kepada zuriat mereka. Awas..!!
Dalam hal ini, semua suami dan ayah perlu bertindak bagi mengelakkan diri mereka jatuh dalam dayus.
Jagalah zuriat anda
Suami juga patut sekali sekala menyemak hand phone isteri, beg isteri dan lain-lain untuk memastikan tiada yang diragui. Mungkin ada isteri yang curang ini dapat menyembunyikan dosanya, tetapi sepandai-pandai tupai melompat akhirnya akan tertangkap jua. Saya tahu, pasti akan ada wanita yang kata, “habis, kami ini tak yah check suami kami ke ustaz.
Jawabnya, perlu juga, cuma topik saya sekarang ni sedang mencerita tanggung jawab suami. Maka perlulah saya fokus kepada tugas suami dulu ye
Cemburu seorang suami dan ayah adalah wajib bagi mereka demi menjaga maruah dan kehormatan isteri dan anak-anaknya.
Diriwayatkan bagaimana satu peristiwa di zaman Nabi قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ : لَوْ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً مَعَ امْرَأَتِي لَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسّيْفِ غَيْرُ مُصْفِحٍ عَنْهُ ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه على آله وسلم فَقَالَ : أَتَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ غَيْرَةِ سَعْدٍ ؟ فَوَ الله لأَنَا أَغْيَرُ مِنْهُ ، وَالله أَغْيَرُ مِنّي ، مِنْ أَجْلِ غَيْرَةِ الله حَرّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَن.
Ertinya : Berkata Ubadah bin Somit r.a : “Jika aku nampak ada lelaki yang sibuk bersama isteriku, nescaya akan ku pukulnya dengan pedangku”, maka disampaikan kepada Nabi akan kata-kata Sa’ad tadi, lalu nabi memberi respond : “Adakah kamu kagum dengan sifat cemburu (untuk agama) yang dipunyai oleh Sa’ad ? , Demi Allah, aku lebih kuat cemburu (ambil endah dan benci demi agama) berbandingnya, malah Allah lebih cemburu dariku, kerana kecemburuan Allah itulah maka diharamkan setiap perkara keji yang ternyata dan tersembunyi.. ” ( Riwayat Al-Bukhari & Muslim )
Lihat betapa Allah dan RasulNya inginkan para suami dan ayah mempunyai sifat protective kepada ahli keluarga dari melakukan sebarang perkara keji dan mungkar, khasnya zina.
BILA LELAKI MENJADI DAYUS
1. Membiarkan kecantikan aurat, bentuk tubuh isterinya dinikmati oleh lelaki lain sepanjang waktu pejabat (jika bekerja) atau di luar rumah
2. Membiarkan isterinya balik lewat dari kerja yang tidak diketahui bersama dengan lelaki apa dan siapa, serta apa yang dibuatnya di pejabat dan siapa yang menghantar.
3. Membiarkan aurat isterinya dan anak perempuannya dewasanya terlihat (terselak kain) semasa menaiki motor atau apa jua kenderaan sepanjang yang menyebabkan aurat terlihat.
4. Membiarkan anak perempuannya ber’dating’ dengan tunangnya atau teman lelaki bukan mahramnya.
5. Membiarkan anak perempuan berdua-duaan dengan pasangannya di rumah kononnya ibu bapa ‘spoting’ yang memahami
6. Menyuruh, mengarahkan dan berbangga dengan anak perempuan dan isteri memakai pakaian yang seksi di luar rumah
7. Membiarkan anak perempuannya memasuki akademi fantasia, mentor, gang starz dan lain-lain yang sepertinya sehingga mempamerkan kecantikan kepada jutaan manusia bukan mahram
8. Membiarkan isterinya atau anaknya menjadi pelakon dan berpelukan dengan lelaki lain kononnya atas dasar seni dan lakonan semata-mata. Adakah semasa berlakon nafsu seorang lelaki di hilangkan?. Tidak sekali-sekali
9. Membiarkan isteri kerja dan keluar rumah tanpa menutup aurat dengan sempurna
10. Membiarkan isteri disentuh anggota tubuhnya oleh lelaki lain tanpa sebab yang diiktiraf oleh Islam seperti menyelematkannya dari lemas dan yang sepertinya
11. Membiarkan isterinya bersalin dengan dibidani oleh doktor lelaki tanpa terdesak dan keperluan yang tiada pilihan
12. Membawa isteri dan anak perempuan untuk dirawati oleh doktor lelaki sedangkan wujudnya klinik dan hospital yang mempunyai doktor wanita
13. Membiarkan isteri pergi kerja menumpang dengan teman lelaki sepejabat tanpa sebarang cemburu
14. Membiarkan isteri kerap berdua-duan dengan pemandu kereta lelaki tanpa sebarang pemerhatian.
Terlalu banyak lagi jika ingin saya coretkan di sini. Kedayusan ini hanya akan sabit kepada lelaki jika semua maksiat yang dilakukan oleh isteri atau anaknya secara terbuka dan diketahui olehnya, adapun jika berlaku secara sulit, suami tidaklah bertanggungjawab dan tidak sabit ‘dayus’ kepad dirinya. Mungkin kita akan berkata dalam hati
Jika demikian, ramainya lelaki dayus di kelilingku”
Lebih penting adalah kita melihat, adakah kita sendiri tergolong dalam salah satu yang disebut tadi.
Awas wahai lelaki beriman..jangan kita termasuk dalam golongan yang berdosa besar ini.
Wahai para isteri dan anak-anak perempuan, jika anda sayangkan suami dan bapa anda, janganlah anda memasukkan mereka dalam kategori DAYUS yang tiada ruang untuk ke syurga Allah SWT.
Sayangilah dirimu dan keluargamu. Jagalah dirimu dan keluargamu dari api neraka.
Akhirnya, wahai para suami dan ayah, pertahankan agama isteri dan keluargamu walau terpaksa bermatian kerananya. Nabi SAW bersabda من قتل دون أهله فهو شهيد
Ertinya : “Barangsiapa yang mati dibunuh kerana mempertahankan ahli keluarganya, maka ia adalah mati syahid” ( Riwayat Ahmad , Sohih menurut Syeikh Syuaib Arnout
Sunday, October 17, 2010
ISTERI SOLEHAH
Peribadi Isteri Solehah
Taat dan Berbakti Kepada Suaminya
Abu Hurairah meriwayatkan bahawa Nabi s.a.w bersabda :
"Sebaik-baik wanita adalah apabila engkau pandang dia maka dia menggembirakan, bila engkau perintah dia taat, bila engkau tiada dia menjaga hartamu dan menjaga pula kehormatan dirinya."
Wanita Islam yang bijaksana sentiasa mahu mencari keredhaan Allah dengan taat kepada suaminya dalam perkara yang bukan maksiat, berbakti untuk suaminya dan sentiasa berusaha untuk menggembirakan suaminya. DIa akan redha dengan kesusahan atau kesempitan hidupnya, sebagaimana yang telah dicatatkan dalam sejarah Islam unggulnya peribadi Fatimah r.ha. ! Wanita Islam yang benar, rela berkhidmat di rumah untuk suaminya dan dia tahu hak suami ke atasnya. Sesungguhnya ia adalah hak yang amat besar sebagaimana sabda Rasulullah saw.:
"Kalaulah aku mahu memerintahkan seseorg sujud kepada seseorang yang lain, nescaya aku akan perintahkan wanita sujud kepada suaminya."
(Hadith Hassan Sahih riwayat Tarmidzi)
Ketaatan adalah satu penyebab bagi wanita ke syurga sebagaimana sabda Rasulullah saw:
"Apabila wanita itu telah melakukan solat lima waktu, puasa pada bulannya, taat kepada suaminya, menjaga kemaluannya, akan dikatakan kepada dia: Masuklah kamu ke dalam syurga daripada mana- mana pintu yang kamu sukai." (Riwayat Ibn Majah)
Disamping itu, Islam juga mengancam dengan dosa, kemurkaan dan laknat kepada wanita yang berpaling daripada peringatan ini:
"Apabila seseorang lelaki memanggil isterinya kekatilnya tetapi dia enggan mendatanginya, lalu suaminya tidur dalam keadaan marah kepadanya nescaya ma! laikat akan melaknatnya sehingga waktu subuh (pagi)."
(Sahih Muslim)
Keperibadian Isteri Yang Solehah
- Taat dan Berbakti Kepada Suaminya
- Berbakti Kepada Ibu Mertuanya dan Memuliakan Keluarganya
- Mesra dengan Suami dan Sentiasa Berusaha Mencari Keredhaannya
- Tidak Memecahkan Rahsianya
- Berdiri disisinya dan Berkongsi Pandangan Dengannya.
- Membantu Suami Mentaati ALlah
- Menguasai Jiwa Suaminya
- Berhias Untuk Suami
- Menemui Suami didalam kegembiraan dan Bersyukur
- Berkongsi Kesedihan dan Kegembiraan Suami
- Menundukkan Pandangan Selain Untuk Suami
- Tidak Menceritakan Keadaan Wanita Lain Kepada Suami.
- Mewujudkan Ketenangan, Kerehatan dan Kedamaian Dalam Rumahtangga
- Bertoleransi dan Memaafkan
- Keperibadian Yang Kuat dan Bijaksan
Taat dan Berbakti Kepada Suaminya
Abu Hurairah meriwayatkan bahawa Nabi s.a.w bersabda :
"Sebaik-baik wanita adalah apabila engkau pandang dia maka dia menggembirakan, bila engkau perintah dia taat, bila engkau tiada dia menjaga hartamu dan menjaga pula kehormatan dirinya."
Wanita Islam yang bijaksana sentiasa mahu mencari keredhaan Allah dengan taat kepada suaminya dalam perkara yang bukan maksiat, berbakti untuk suaminya dan sentiasa berusaha untuk menggembirakan suaminya. DIa akan redha dengan kesusahan atau kesempitan hidupnya, sebagaimana yang telah dicatatkan dalam sejarah Islam unggulnya peribadi Fatimah r.ha. ! Wanita Islam yang benar, rela berkhidmat di rumah untuk suaminya dan dia tahu hak suami ke atasnya. Sesungguhnya ia adalah hak yang amat besar sebagaimana sabda Rasulullah saw.:
"Kalaulah aku mahu memerintahkan seseorg sujud kepada seseorang yang lain, nescaya aku akan perintahkan wanita sujud kepada suaminya."
(Hadith Hassan Sahih riwayat Tarmidzi)
Ketaatan adalah satu penyebab bagi wanita ke syurga sebagaimana sabda Rasulullah saw:
"Apabila wanita itu telah melakukan solat lima waktu, puasa pada bulannya, taat kepada suaminya, menjaga kemaluannya, akan dikatakan kepada dia: Masuklah kamu ke dalam syurga daripada mana- mana pintu yang kamu sukai." (Riwayat Ibn Majah)
Disamping itu, Islam juga mengancam dengan dosa, kemurkaan dan laknat kepada wanita yang berpaling daripada peringatan ini:
"Apabila seseorang lelaki memanggil isterinya kekatilnya tetapi dia enggan mendatanginya, lalu suaminya tidur dalam keadaan marah kepadanya nescaya ma! laikat akan melaknatnya sehingga waktu subuh (pagi)."
(Sahih Muslim)
Keperibadian Isteri Yang Solehah
- Taat dan Berbakti Kepada Suaminya
- Berbakti Kepada Ibu Mertuanya dan Memuliakan Keluarganya
- Mesra dengan Suami dan Sentiasa Berusaha Mencari Keredhaannya
- Tidak Memecahkan Rahsianya
- Berdiri disisinya dan Berkongsi Pandangan Dengannya.
- Membantu Suami Mentaati ALlah
- Menguasai Jiwa Suaminya
- Berhias Untuk Suami
- Menemui Suami didalam kegembiraan dan Bersyukur
- Berkongsi Kesedihan dan Kegembiraan Suami
- Menundukkan Pandangan Selain Untuk Suami
- Tidak Menceritakan Keadaan Wanita Lain Kepada Suami.
- Mewujudkan Ketenangan, Kerehatan dan Kedamaian Dalam Rumahtangga
- Bertoleransi dan Memaafkan
- Keperibadian Yang Kuat dan Bijaksan
Seorang suami
Bergelar suami bukan lesen untuk mengangkat rasa ego atau lagak seorang lelaki. Matang serta toleransi tinggi bukan juga mengangkat lelaki sebagai suami mithali. Sebagai insan yang ditakdirkan lemah emosi dan perasaan kekadang tahap kewarasan dan kesabaran mulai teruji saat demi saat. Rasanya hampir semua suami tidak menuntut dilayan saperti putera raja. Saling memahami mungkin ayat keramat untuk pasangan suami isteri terus kekal bahagia. Perkara perkara kecil kerap menjadi punca masalah yang lebih besar. Kain baju membukit belum dibasuh - bukan pakai tangan - washing machine - pas tu terus membukit belum berlipat. Dari baju yang bersih kembali berabuk. Untuk mencari sarung kaki perlu mengirai bukit terlebih dahulu, tu pun dapat sebelah lain sebelah lain. Terkenang masa blum kawin baju dan seluar kemas licin. Macam inikah sebuah perkahwinan.
Bagaimana pula alasan wanita bekerjaya? pulang kerja letih seharian dipejabat. Lon ggokan baju semakin tinggi, lantai berabuk diserata penjuru. Belum pemandangan didapur, bau semerbak pinggan mangkuk kotor memenuhi sehingga ruang tamu. Betul juga pada zahirnyanya wanita bekerjaya. Pengorbanan dan keikhlasan boleh tak dibawa keruang ini?. Tak salah suami membantu dalam hal ini. Wahai isteri tak semua lelaki`pandai' dalam hal hal saperti ini. Disinilah letaknya titik pertemuan untuk isteri menoleh sejenak. Suami mula jadi bosan, bosan, bosan dan bosan dengan suasana dan keadaan saperti ini.
Pembantu rumah?. Suasana privasi dah tak de. Dengan rumah yang berkeluasan 1400'persegi justifikasi pembantu rumah boleh ke? . Kalaulah dijalankan kajian agaknya apakah nilai sebenarnya rumah yang aman damai beserta dengan penghuninya.
Bagaimana pula alasan wanita bekerjaya? pulang kerja letih seharian dipejabat. Lon ggokan baju semakin tinggi, lantai berabuk diserata penjuru. Belum pemandangan didapur, bau semerbak pinggan mangkuk kotor memenuhi sehingga ruang tamu. Betul juga pada zahirnyanya wanita bekerjaya. Pengorbanan dan keikhlasan boleh tak dibawa keruang ini?. Tak salah suami membantu dalam hal ini. Wahai isteri tak semua lelaki`pandai' dalam hal hal saperti ini. Disinilah letaknya titik pertemuan untuk isteri menoleh sejenak. Suami mula jadi bosan, bosan, bosan dan bosan dengan suasana dan keadaan saperti ini.
Pembantu rumah?. Suasana privasi dah tak de. Dengan rumah yang berkeluasan 1400'persegi justifikasi pembantu rumah boleh ke? . Kalaulah dijalankan kajian agaknya apakah nilai sebenarnya rumah yang aman damai beserta dengan penghuninya.
Tuesday, September 7, 2010
DIET
Sarah Palin is on a diet. So is Barack Obama, Glenn Beck, Oprah Winfrey, Lady Gaga, Peyton Manning, the pitching staff of the Texas Rangers, all the judges onAmerica’s Got Talent, and the entire cast of Glee. In fact, from Chris Rock to Kid Rock to The Rock, everyone you can name is on a diet.
And so are you.
How can I be so sure? Because a “diet” isn’t something you go on and go off of, like a prescription. A diet is what you eat, day in and day out, whether you planned to eat that way or not. So when people ask me what kind of “diet” they should follow, I always tell them to follow the one they’re already on—the way you like to eat is the way you should eat. In researching the Eat This, Not That! book series and seeing people lose 10, 20, 30 pounds or more effortlessly, I've learned that if you want to make big changes to your health, forget about following somebody else’s diet. Just make a bunch of little changes to the diet you’re already following. Believe me, it’s the best way to get results. Below, I’ve listed the 25 best new nutritional tweaks you can make that will improve the way you look and feel—fast and forever!
1. Drink a second cup of coffee. It might lower your risk of adult-onset diabetes, according to a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
2. Keep serving dishes off the table.Researchers have found that when people are served individual plates, as opposed to empty plates with a platter of food in the middle of the table, they eat up to 35 percent less!
3. Think before you drink. The average person drinks more than 400 calories a day--double what he or she used to--and alone gets around 10 teaspoons of added sugar every single day from soft drinks. Swap out sweetened teas and sodas for no-cal drinks and you could lose up to 40 pounds in a single year! (To see more proof of how wayward beverages can utterly destroy your diet, check out the 20 Worst Drinks in America. Many of these drinks contain more than a day's worth of calories, sugar and fat!)
4. Practice total recall. British scientists found that people who thought about their last meal before snacking ate 30 percent fewer calories that those who didn't stop to think. The theory: Remembering what you had for lunch might remind you of how satiating the food was, which then makes you less likely to binge on your afternoon snack.
5. Eat protein at every meal. Dieters who eat the most protein tend to lose more weight while feeling less deprived than those who eat the least protein. It appears that protein is the best nutrient for jumpstarting your metabolism, squashing your appetite, and helping you eat less at subsequent meals.
6. Choose whole-grain bread. Eating whole grains (versus refined-grain or white bread) has been linked to lower risks of cancer andheart disease.
7. Think fish. Consuming two 4- to 6-ounce servings of oily fish a week will sharpen your mind. Among the best: salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel, and trout. They're high in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which may reduce your risk of Alzheimer's. Study participants who had high blood levels of DHA also performed better on noverbal reasoning tests and showed better mental flexibility, working memory, and vocabulary than those with lower levels.
8. Sign up for weight-loss e-mails. Daily e-mails (or tweets) that contain weight-loss advice remind you of your goals and help you drop pounds, researchers from Canada found. We're partial to our own Eat This, Not That! newsletter, and to the instant weight-loss secrets you'll get when you follow me on Twitter here.
9. Cut portions by a quarter. Pennsylvania State University researchers discovered that by simply reducing meal portions 25 percent, people ate 10 percent fewer calories—without feeling any hungrier. Serving yourself? Think about what looks like a reasonable portion, then take at least one-quarter less than that. (By the way, studies show today's restaurant servings are 2 to 5 times bigger than what the government recommends!)
10. Turn off the TV. Scientists at the University of Massachusetts found that people who watch TV during a meal consume, on average, 288 more calories than those who don't eat with the tube on.
11. Put your fork down when you chew. Or take a sip of water between each bite—eating slowly can boost levels of two hormones that make you feel fuller, Greek researchers found.
12. Choose rye (not wheat) bread for breakfast toast. Swedish researchers found that rye eaters were more full 8 hours after breakfast than wheat-bread eaters, thanks to rye's high fiber content and minimal effect on blood sugar. As a result you'll want to snack less and eat less for lunch.
13. Eat a handful of fruit and vegetables a day. In one study, people who ate four or five servings scored higher on cognitive tests than those who consumed less than one serving. (Remember: Salad isn't always the healthy choice. Check out20 Salads Worse Than a Whopper to see what I mean. You'll be shocked.)
14. Sip green tea. It might help you build a strong skeleton, say researchers in China, and help protect you from broken bones when you're older. And one study found that it helps fight bad breath, too.
15. Work out before lunch or dinner. Doing so will make the meals you eat right afterward more filling, according to British researchers—meaning you'll eat fewer calories throughout the day.
16. Hung over? Choose asparagus. When South Korean researchers exposed a group of human liver cells to asparagus extract, it suppressed free radicals and more than doubled the activity of two enzymes that metabolize alcohol. That means you'll feel like yourself again twice as quickly.
17. Sleep 8 hours a night. Too much or too little shut-eye can add extra pounds, say Wake Forest University researchers. Not there yet? Try these 7 simple strategies for longer, deeper sleep.
18 Discover miso soup. Brown wakame seaweed (used in miso soup) can help lower your blood pressure, especially if your levels are already high, say researchers at the University of North Carolina.
19. Drink two glasses of milk daily.People who drink the most milk have about a 16 percent lower risk of heart disease than people who drink the least. (I recommend nonfat or 1 percent milk.)
20. Take a zinc supplement. Just 15 milligrams of zinc a day (the amount found in a Centrum Ultra multivitamin, for example) will motivate your immune cells to produce more of a protein that fights off bacterial infections.
21. Go ahead, eat your favorite foods. Good eating doesn't need to be about deprivation—it's about making smart choices. Why eat a 1,000-calorie cheeseburger if a 500-calorie burger will satisfy you just the same? The bottom line: Eat foods that you enjoy, just not too much of them.
22. Choose foods with the fewest ingredients. There are now more than 3,000 ingredients on the FDA's list of safe food additives—and any of these preservatives, artificial sweeteners and colorings and flavor enhancers could end up on your plate. Do you really know what these chemicals will do to your waistline or health? Of course not. Here's a rule of thumb: If a 7-year-old can't pronounce it, you don't want to eat it.
23. Snack on popcorn. In a 2009 study, people who ate 1 cup of microwave popcorn 30 minutes before lunch consumed 105 fewer calories at the meal. Just choose the kind without butter.
24. Or snack on walnuts. Eating a handful of walnuts each day may boost your HDL (good) cholesterol fastest, while lowering your LDL (bad) cholesterol.
25. Scramble your breakfast.People who ate eggs in the morning instead of a bagel consumed 264 fewer calories the rest of the day, according to a Saint Louis University study. That’s because protein is more filling than carbs.
Bonus Tip: Don't let all of your hard work go down the drain: Avoid this shocking list of the 20 Scariest Food Creations of 2010!
And so are you.
How can I be so sure? Because a “diet” isn’t something you go on and go off of, like a prescription. A diet is what you eat, day in and day out, whether you planned to eat that way or not. So when people ask me what kind of “diet” they should follow, I always tell them to follow the one they’re already on—the way you like to eat is the way you should eat. In researching the Eat This, Not That! book series and seeing people lose 10, 20, 30 pounds or more effortlessly, I've learned that if you want to make big changes to your health, forget about following somebody else’s diet. Just make a bunch of little changes to the diet you’re already following. Believe me, it’s the best way to get results. Below, I’ve listed the 25 best new nutritional tweaks you can make that will improve the way you look and feel—fast and forever!
1. Drink a second cup of coffee. It might lower your risk of adult-onset diabetes, according to a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
2. Keep serving dishes off the table.Researchers have found that when people are served individual plates, as opposed to empty plates with a platter of food in the middle of the table, they eat up to 35 percent less!
3. Think before you drink. The average person drinks more than 400 calories a day--double what he or she used to--and alone gets around 10 teaspoons of added sugar every single day from soft drinks. Swap out sweetened teas and sodas for no-cal drinks and you could lose up to 40 pounds in a single year! (To see more proof of how wayward beverages can utterly destroy your diet, check out the 20 Worst Drinks in America. Many of these drinks contain more than a day's worth of calories, sugar and fat!)
4. Practice total recall. British scientists found that people who thought about their last meal before snacking ate 30 percent fewer calories that those who didn't stop to think. The theory: Remembering what you had for lunch might remind you of how satiating the food was, which then makes you less likely to binge on your afternoon snack.
5. Eat protein at every meal. Dieters who eat the most protein tend to lose more weight while feeling less deprived than those who eat the least protein. It appears that protein is the best nutrient for jumpstarting your metabolism, squashing your appetite, and helping you eat less at subsequent meals.
6. Choose whole-grain bread. Eating whole grains (versus refined-grain or white bread) has been linked to lower risks of cancer andheart disease.
7. Think fish. Consuming two 4- to 6-ounce servings of oily fish a week will sharpen your mind. Among the best: salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel, and trout. They're high in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which may reduce your risk of Alzheimer's. Study participants who had high blood levels of DHA also performed better on noverbal reasoning tests and showed better mental flexibility, working memory, and vocabulary than those with lower levels.
8. Sign up for weight-loss e-mails. Daily e-mails (or tweets) that contain weight-loss advice remind you of your goals and help you drop pounds, researchers from Canada found. We're partial to our own Eat This, Not That! newsletter, and to the instant weight-loss secrets you'll get when you follow me on Twitter here.
9. Cut portions by a quarter. Pennsylvania State University researchers discovered that by simply reducing meal portions 25 percent, people ate 10 percent fewer calories—without feeling any hungrier. Serving yourself? Think about what looks like a reasonable portion, then take at least one-quarter less than that. (By the way, studies show today's restaurant servings are 2 to 5 times bigger than what the government recommends!)
10. Turn off the TV. Scientists at the University of Massachusetts found that people who watch TV during a meal consume, on average, 288 more calories than those who don't eat with the tube on.
11. Put your fork down when you chew. Or take a sip of water between each bite—eating slowly can boost levels of two hormones that make you feel fuller, Greek researchers found.
12. Choose rye (not wheat) bread for breakfast toast. Swedish researchers found that rye eaters were more full 8 hours after breakfast than wheat-bread eaters, thanks to rye's high fiber content and minimal effect on blood sugar. As a result you'll want to snack less and eat less for lunch.
13. Eat a handful of fruit and vegetables a day. In one study, people who ate four or five servings scored higher on cognitive tests than those who consumed less than one serving. (Remember: Salad isn't always the healthy choice. Check out20 Salads Worse Than a Whopper to see what I mean. You'll be shocked.)
14. Sip green tea. It might help you build a strong skeleton, say researchers in China, and help protect you from broken bones when you're older. And one study found that it helps fight bad breath, too.
15. Work out before lunch or dinner. Doing so will make the meals you eat right afterward more filling, according to British researchers—meaning you'll eat fewer calories throughout the day.
16. Hung over? Choose asparagus. When South Korean researchers exposed a group of human liver cells to asparagus extract, it suppressed free radicals and more than doubled the activity of two enzymes that metabolize alcohol. That means you'll feel like yourself again twice as quickly.
17. Sleep 8 hours a night. Too much or too little shut-eye can add extra pounds, say Wake Forest University researchers. Not there yet? Try these 7 simple strategies for longer, deeper sleep.
18 Discover miso soup. Brown wakame seaweed (used in miso soup) can help lower your blood pressure, especially if your levels are already high, say researchers at the University of North Carolina.
19. Drink two glasses of milk daily.People who drink the most milk have about a 16 percent lower risk of heart disease than people who drink the least. (I recommend nonfat or 1 percent milk.)
20. Take a zinc supplement. Just 15 milligrams of zinc a day (the amount found in a Centrum Ultra multivitamin, for example) will motivate your immune cells to produce more of a protein that fights off bacterial infections.
21. Go ahead, eat your favorite foods. Good eating doesn't need to be about deprivation—it's about making smart choices. Why eat a 1,000-calorie cheeseburger if a 500-calorie burger will satisfy you just the same? The bottom line: Eat foods that you enjoy, just not too much of them.
22. Choose foods with the fewest ingredients. There are now more than 3,000 ingredients on the FDA's list of safe food additives—and any of these preservatives, artificial sweeteners and colorings and flavor enhancers could end up on your plate. Do you really know what these chemicals will do to your waistline or health? Of course not. Here's a rule of thumb: If a 7-year-old can't pronounce it, you don't want to eat it.
23. Snack on popcorn. In a 2009 study, people who ate 1 cup of microwave popcorn 30 minutes before lunch consumed 105 fewer calories at the meal. Just choose the kind without butter.
24. Or snack on walnuts. Eating a handful of walnuts each day may boost your HDL (good) cholesterol fastest, while lowering your LDL (bad) cholesterol.
25. Scramble your breakfast.People who ate eggs in the morning instead of a bagel consumed 264 fewer calories the rest of the day, according to a Saint Louis University study. That’s because protein is more filling than carbs.
Bonus Tip: Don't let all of your hard work go down the drain: Avoid this shocking list of the 20 Scariest Food Creations of 2010!
Making Up For bad Health Habits
Making Up for Bad Health Habits
Bad Habit #1: Not Enough Calcium
Your mother told you to drink your milk (you didn’t). Your doctor encouraged you to take calcium supplements (you didn’t). Now what? “Your body will lay down bone mass until your early 30s, so if you are in your teens or 20s, you have time to reverse the years of inadequate calcium intake and start building stronger bones,” says Nikki Tierney, a registered dietician in private practice in Quincy, Massachusetts. “If you've passed this age, all is not lost. You may have missed the opportunity to build bone mass, but it is never too late to prevent more bone loss.”
Women who are 19 to 50 years old need 1,000 mg of calcium per day; those 51 or older need 1,200 mg per day. “You absorb calcium best from food sources, so be sure to include these in your diet,” she says. “The easiest way to get your calcium is to get three servings of milk or yogurt each day. If you are looking to add in a supplement, get something with 500 to 1,000 mg, such as calcium chews.” In addition to dairy, you can get your calcium from the following sources: ½ cup firm tofu (204 mg), 3 oz canned salmon (181 mg), 1 cup pinto beans (103 mg) or 1 cup cooked kale (94 mg).
Bad Habit #2: Poor Posture
Misaligned posture can lead to back, knee, hip and neck issues as well as collapsed arches and a host of other problems, says Dana Davis, MA, CYT, a senior certified balance teacher in Petaluma, California. If you’ve had poor posture most of your life, you probably think there’s nothing you can do to improve it. Not true, says New York City–based fitness expert Story von Holzhausen. “You can make changes instantly, transform yourself and don't have to wait to see results,” says von Holzhausen.
She suggests this easy exercise to turn back years of bad posture habits: “Stand with your heels almost touching a wall. Roll your shoulder blades back and drop them down until they touch the wall. Slightly lower your chin and pull the base of your head against the wall, lengthening the back of your neck. Hold this position for 15 seconds, breathe, rest and repeat. If you cannot touch the wall, then your goal is to work up to it slowly.” Photo by Shutterstock.
Bad Habit #3: Smoking Cigarettes
So you smoked in college—OK, and grad school, and maybe occasionally when you’re socializing. You already feel guilty about it, but what can you do now? “The quickest way to improve your health if you're a smoker is to quit now rather than later,” says Shelena C. Lalji, MD, founder of the Dr. Shel Wellness and Medical Spa in Houston. “Research shows that people who quit smoking when they're in their 30s and 40s have a much lower risk of emphysema, stroke, hypertension and cardiac disease. Medical-grade supplements can help smokers reduce their cravings to increase their success.”
According to the American Cancer Society, after three months of not smoking, your lung function improves dramatically and your circulation is revitalized. After one year of being cigarette-free, your risk of coronary heart disease is 50 percent less than when you were a smoker. One of the best ways to reclaim your smoke-ravaged lungs is to make a new commitment to fitness, says Dr. Lalji. “Increasing exercise both during the transition from smoker to nonsmoker and afterward will help you keep the commitment to yourself while improving circulation, gaining lung capacity and reducing cardiac-related problems.”
Bad Habit #4: Too Much Booze
Do you regret years of excess drinking? While alcohol-related damage to the body can be harmful, and experts say there’s no way to completely reverse it, there are certain things you can do to improve your liver function and overall health. “Drinking can cause fat buildup in the liver, which causes the liver to work harder to metabolize the fat,” says Carlos Tirado, MD, MPH, chief medical officer of Enterhealth, an addiction disease management provider in Dallas.
Help your liver recover by starting a weight-loss regimen and eating a lowfat diet. “In general, eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and reducing fat—especially trans fat and saturated fat—can enhance recovery from alcohol-related liver injury,” he says. If you haven’t completely cut alcohol from your life, health experts recommend one drink per day, max, for women, and two for men—though it’s best not to drink daily, so to pick a few days a week that you don’t drink at all.
Bad Habit #5: Being Overweight
One of the leading causes of heart disease—and the number-one cause of death in women in the U.S.—is being overweight. But once you’re diagnosed with cardiovascular issues, it doesn’t mean it’s a life sentence. “Losing weight will significantly reduce this risk,” says Sohah Iqbal, MD, a cardiologist practicing at New York University Hospital. “Weight loss, through a diet and exercise program, can significantly reduce multiple cardiac risk factors that significantly increase the risk of coronary artery disease and heart attacks.”
Weight loss is not only associated with lower blood pressure, but it has also been shown in studies to improve your lipid profile—decreasing LDL (bad cholesterol) and increasing HDL (good cholesterol)—and reduce triglycerides. “Cholesterol buildup in arteries starts at a young age, but if you improve your cholesterol profile later in life, it stabilizes the cholesterol plaque and decreases the risk of it enlarging and occluding the artery or rupturing and causing a heart attack,” says Dr. Iqbal. The American Heart Association says you can reduce your risk of death from cardiovascular disease by 20 percent and ensure your ticker is in optimal health by following their 7-Point Checklist. Visit MyLifeCheck.Heart.org to learn more.
Bad Habit #6: Exercise Procrastination
You know that old saying: If you don’t use it, you lose it? Well, it’s only partly true, says Sarah Clachar, a New England–based health educator, fitness expert and the cofounder of Fit Family Together. “The opposite is true as well. When you start to use your muscles, you can regain them—at any age. So even if you've never worked out or had muscles to show off, you can certainly acquire them through a good fitness strategy.”
Where to start? Avoid an intense jog or hike, and think weights first. “If you haven't been active for years, your muscles aren't up for the activity,” she says. To avoid injury, focus on strength-training first. “Start by building up your muscles so you have the capacity to do exercise,” she recommends. Also, consider short bursts of intense exercise known as interval training. “Not only is research showing that this has more impact on your health with less wear and tear, but it works faster and it's easier [to do].” Here’s how: “Whatever you start to do, do it in shorter, intensive spurts,” says Clachar. “Walk briskly for 1 minute, then stop and rest. Walk briskly again for 1 minute and repeat. Or bike hard for 4 minutes and then rest.” With this method, you can pack 30 minutes of regular exercise into just 15 minutes, with less injury risk.
Bad Habit #7: Not Eating Right for Years
The antidote for years of burgers, fries and ice cream binges? Eating right, of course. Here’s an easy way to jump-start your health and get the vital nutrients you need without going on a restrictive diet: Eat one salad every day, suggests Brian Zehetner, MS, a registered dietician with Anytime Fitness in Hastings, Minnesota. “The primary reason to have a salad is because it helps to reduce the energy density of the diet,” he says. “You can eat a very large salad for very few calories.”
Plus, you’ll load up on vegetables that can give your body the nutrients it’s crying out for: vitamins C and E, selenium, beta-carotene and lots of fiber. Add 3 ounces of lean chicken, and you have a filling meal. If you eat a salad once a day for a year, you could lose up to 30 pounds without making any other major dietary changes. By just having one salad per day—for lunch or dinner—Zehetner says, your body will feel the difference.
Bad Habit #8: Staying Too Long in an Unhealthy Relationship
According to Howard Rankin, PhD, a clinical psychologist and founder of The Rankin Center for Neuroscience and Integrative Health, a bad marriage or relationship can be as hard on you as any other damaging health choice. “The impact of a negative relationship goes beyond self-esteem, into the very body itself,” Dr. Rankin explains. “Under chronic stress, the immune system breaks down, leading to a whole host of diseases. A recent study of breast cancer patients showed that many women believed that their cancer was caused by stress. Technically, no one gets cancer because of stress. But what does happen is that the suppression of the immune system by prolonged stress makes it more likely that the body can't fight off the cancer and creates an environment where cancer cells can grow.”
How can you get healthy and happy after years of being in a negative relationship? “It’s important to look at all the main relationships in your life and reevaluate which work for you and which don't,” he says. If a decades-long friendship is the culprit, cut the ties. If it’s a boyfriend who treats you poorly, move on. “Recognize that detachment is always difficult but sometimes necessary, and stay focused on the realities of the situation.” One of the best ways to give yourself a boost of happiness—and health—when doing so is to remember that there are infinite possibilities for you out there.
Bad Habit #9: Negative Self-Talk and Poor Body Image
After years of negative self-talk (“Look at how fat I am,” or “No one likes me at work because I’m not talented”), a funny thing happens, says Dr. Rankin: People tend to withdraw from social situations and intimacy. A poor or destructive self-image is also linked with depression and anxiety.
So how do you break the cycle of negativity toward yourself? “The variables that drive behavior are brain biochemistry, innate drives, habits and addictions, and relationships,” says Dr. Rankin. “Note that logic isn't in there. So you need to do things that will optimize brain function—exercise, good-quality sleep, stress management and proper diet all are critical for proper brain function.” And, because our self-image is so often affected by the people in our lives, he suggests you “hang around positive friends and ditch the people who are not on the same page as you.”
Bad Habit #10: Too Much Tanning
Did you once have a love affair with the tanning salon? There may be a ray of hope for sun-damaged skin, say experts. “There is not much one can do to undo serious sun exposure, but it is never too late to protect your skin,” says Pamela Jakubowicz, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Montefiore Medical Center in New York. She stresses the importance of annual skin checks with your dermatologist or primary care physician.
But you can also take matters into your own hands: “Products containing retinols, soy and some antioxidants have been shown to provide some reversal of sun damage,” she explains. “Retinol is a milder form of Retin-A that makes collagen stronger and can bring about changes in the skin. Researchers believe soy makes the skin lighter when there is pigmentation from sun damage.” Fortunately, you don’t have to spend a lot of money to get products that work. Dr. Jakubowicz recommends Aveeno's Positively Radiant SPF 30 lotion, a product that contains soy, and Neutrogena Healthy Skin lotion, which is made with retinols. Also, consider your diet and activity level, says Marina Peredo, MD, an assistant clinical professor at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. “Adding a diet rich in omega-3s and vitamin E is a must, as is a daily exercise regimen to get the blood circulating to the face and other parts of the body.”
Bad Habit #1: Not Enough Calcium
Your mother told you to drink your milk (you didn’t). Your doctor encouraged you to take calcium supplements (you didn’t). Now what? “Your body will lay down bone mass until your early 30s, so if you are in your teens or 20s, you have time to reverse the years of inadequate calcium intake and start building stronger bones,” says Nikki Tierney, a registered dietician in private practice in Quincy, Massachusetts. “If you've passed this age, all is not lost. You may have missed the opportunity to build bone mass, but it is never too late to prevent more bone loss.”
Women who are 19 to 50 years old need 1,000 mg of calcium per day; those 51 or older need 1,200 mg per day. “You absorb calcium best from food sources, so be sure to include these in your diet,” she says. “The easiest way to get your calcium is to get three servings of milk or yogurt each day. If you are looking to add in a supplement, get something with 500 to 1,000 mg, such as calcium chews.” In addition to dairy, you can get your calcium from the following sources: ½ cup firm tofu (204 mg), 3 oz canned salmon (181 mg), 1 cup pinto beans (103 mg) or 1 cup cooked kale (94 mg).
Bad Habit #2: Poor Posture
Misaligned posture can lead to back, knee, hip and neck issues as well as collapsed arches and a host of other problems, says Dana Davis, MA, CYT, a senior certified balance teacher in Petaluma, California. If you’ve had poor posture most of your life, you probably think there’s nothing you can do to improve it. Not true, says New York City–based fitness expert Story von Holzhausen. “You can make changes instantly, transform yourself and don't have to wait to see results,” says von Holzhausen.
She suggests this easy exercise to turn back years of bad posture habits: “Stand with your heels almost touching a wall. Roll your shoulder blades back and drop them down until they touch the wall. Slightly lower your chin and pull the base of your head against the wall, lengthening the back of your neck. Hold this position for 15 seconds, breathe, rest and repeat. If you cannot touch the wall, then your goal is to work up to it slowly.” Photo by Shutterstock.
Bad Habit #3: Smoking Cigarettes
So you smoked in college—OK, and grad school, and maybe occasionally when you’re socializing. You already feel guilty about it, but what can you do now? “The quickest way to improve your health if you're a smoker is to quit now rather than later,” says Shelena C. Lalji, MD, founder of the Dr. Shel Wellness and Medical Spa in Houston. “Research shows that people who quit smoking when they're in their 30s and 40s have a much lower risk of emphysema, stroke, hypertension and cardiac disease. Medical-grade supplements can help smokers reduce their cravings to increase their success.”
According to the American Cancer Society, after three months of not smoking, your lung function improves dramatically and your circulation is revitalized. After one year of being cigarette-free, your risk of coronary heart disease is 50 percent less than when you were a smoker. One of the best ways to reclaim your smoke-ravaged lungs is to make a new commitment to fitness, says Dr. Lalji. “Increasing exercise both during the transition from smoker to nonsmoker and afterward will help you keep the commitment to yourself while improving circulation, gaining lung capacity and reducing cardiac-related problems.”
Bad Habit #4: Too Much Booze
Do you regret years of excess drinking? While alcohol-related damage to the body can be harmful, and experts say there’s no way to completely reverse it, there are certain things you can do to improve your liver function and overall health. “Drinking can cause fat buildup in the liver, which causes the liver to work harder to metabolize the fat,” says Carlos Tirado, MD, MPH, chief medical officer of Enterhealth, an addiction disease management provider in Dallas.
Help your liver recover by starting a weight-loss regimen and eating a lowfat diet. “In general, eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and reducing fat—especially trans fat and saturated fat—can enhance recovery from alcohol-related liver injury,” he says. If you haven’t completely cut alcohol from your life, health experts recommend one drink per day, max, for women, and two for men—though it’s best not to drink daily, so to pick a few days a week that you don’t drink at all.
Bad Habit #5: Being Overweight
One of the leading causes of heart disease—and the number-one cause of death in women in the U.S.—is being overweight. But once you’re diagnosed with cardiovascular issues, it doesn’t mean it’s a life sentence. “Losing weight will significantly reduce this risk,” says Sohah Iqbal, MD, a cardiologist practicing at New York University Hospital. “Weight loss, through a diet and exercise program, can significantly reduce multiple cardiac risk factors that significantly increase the risk of coronary artery disease and heart attacks.”
Weight loss is not only associated with lower blood pressure, but it has also been shown in studies to improve your lipid profile—decreasing LDL (bad cholesterol) and increasing HDL (good cholesterol)—and reduce triglycerides. “Cholesterol buildup in arteries starts at a young age, but if you improve your cholesterol profile later in life, it stabilizes the cholesterol plaque and decreases the risk of it enlarging and occluding the artery or rupturing and causing a heart attack,” says Dr. Iqbal. The American Heart Association says you can reduce your risk of death from cardiovascular disease by 20 percent and ensure your ticker is in optimal health by following their 7-Point Checklist. Visit MyLifeCheck.Heart.org to learn more.
Bad Habit #6: Exercise Procrastination
You know that old saying: If you don’t use it, you lose it? Well, it’s only partly true, says Sarah Clachar, a New England–based health educator, fitness expert and the cofounder of Fit Family Together. “The opposite is true as well. When you start to use your muscles, you can regain them—at any age. So even if you've never worked out or had muscles to show off, you can certainly acquire them through a good fitness strategy.”
Where to start? Avoid an intense jog or hike, and think weights first. “If you haven't been active for years, your muscles aren't up for the activity,” she says. To avoid injury, focus on strength-training first. “Start by building up your muscles so you have the capacity to do exercise,” she recommends. Also, consider short bursts of intense exercise known as interval training. “Not only is research showing that this has more impact on your health with less wear and tear, but it works faster and it's easier [to do].” Here’s how: “Whatever you start to do, do it in shorter, intensive spurts,” says Clachar. “Walk briskly for 1 minute, then stop and rest. Walk briskly again for 1 minute and repeat. Or bike hard for 4 minutes and then rest.” With this method, you can pack 30 minutes of regular exercise into just 15 minutes, with less injury risk.
Bad Habit #7: Not Eating Right for Years
The antidote for years of burgers, fries and ice cream binges? Eating right, of course. Here’s an easy way to jump-start your health and get the vital nutrients you need without going on a restrictive diet: Eat one salad every day, suggests Brian Zehetner, MS, a registered dietician with Anytime Fitness in Hastings, Minnesota. “The primary reason to have a salad is because it helps to reduce the energy density of the diet,” he says. “You can eat a very large salad for very few calories.”
Plus, you’ll load up on vegetables that can give your body the nutrients it’s crying out for: vitamins C and E, selenium, beta-carotene and lots of fiber. Add 3 ounces of lean chicken, and you have a filling meal. If you eat a salad once a day for a year, you could lose up to 30 pounds without making any other major dietary changes. By just having one salad per day—for lunch or dinner—Zehetner says, your body will feel the difference.
Bad Habit #8: Staying Too Long in an Unhealthy Relationship
According to Howard Rankin, PhD, a clinical psychologist and founder of The Rankin Center for Neuroscience and Integrative Health, a bad marriage or relationship can be as hard on you as any other damaging health choice. “The impact of a negative relationship goes beyond self-esteem, into the very body itself,” Dr. Rankin explains. “Under chronic stress, the immune system breaks down, leading to a whole host of diseases. A recent study of breast cancer patients showed that many women believed that their cancer was caused by stress. Technically, no one gets cancer because of stress. But what does happen is that the suppression of the immune system by prolonged stress makes it more likely that the body can't fight off the cancer and creates an environment where cancer cells can grow.”
How can you get healthy and happy after years of being in a negative relationship? “It’s important to look at all the main relationships in your life and reevaluate which work for you and which don't,” he says. If a decades-long friendship is the culprit, cut the ties. If it’s a boyfriend who treats you poorly, move on. “Recognize that detachment is always difficult but sometimes necessary, and stay focused on the realities of the situation.” One of the best ways to give yourself a boost of happiness—and health—when doing so is to remember that there are infinite possibilities for you out there.
Bad Habit #9: Negative Self-Talk and Poor Body Image
After years of negative self-talk (“Look at how fat I am,” or “No one likes me at work because I’m not talented”), a funny thing happens, says Dr. Rankin: People tend to withdraw from social situations and intimacy. A poor or destructive self-image is also linked with depression and anxiety.
So how do you break the cycle of negativity toward yourself? “The variables that drive behavior are brain biochemistry, innate drives, habits and addictions, and relationships,” says Dr. Rankin. “Note that logic isn't in there. So you need to do things that will optimize brain function—exercise, good-quality sleep, stress management and proper diet all are critical for proper brain function.” And, because our self-image is so often affected by the people in our lives, he suggests you “hang around positive friends and ditch the people who are not on the same page as you.”
Bad Habit #10: Too Much Tanning
Did you once have a love affair with the tanning salon? There may be a ray of hope for sun-damaged skin, say experts. “There is not much one can do to undo serious sun exposure, but it is never too late to protect your skin,” says Pamela Jakubowicz, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Montefiore Medical Center in New York. She stresses the importance of annual skin checks with your dermatologist or primary care physician.
But you can also take matters into your own hands: “Products containing retinols, soy and some antioxidants have been shown to provide some reversal of sun damage,” she explains. “Retinol is a milder form of Retin-A that makes collagen stronger and can bring about changes in the skin. Researchers believe soy makes the skin lighter when there is pigmentation from sun damage.” Fortunately, you don’t have to spend a lot of money to get products that work. Dr. Jakubowicz recommends Aveeno's Positively Radiant SPF 30 lotion, a product that contains soy, and Neutrogena Healthy Skin lotion, which is made with retinols. Also, consider your diet and activity level, says Marina Peredo, MD, an assistant clinical professor at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. “Adding a diet rich in omega-3s and vitamin E is a must, as is a daily exercise regimen to get the blood circulating to the face and other parts of the body.”
Sunday, August 22, 2010
DOA TAUBAT
1
Do’a Taubat, dan Penghulu Taubat
ijk
الْحَمْدُ لله نَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بالله مِنْ شُرُورِ أنْفُسِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ الله فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ، وَأشْهَدُ أن لا إلٰهَ إلاَّ الله، وَأشْهَدُ أنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُ هُ وَرَسُولُهُ (صَلَّى اللّهُ
.« عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)، أرْسَلَهُ بالْحَقِّ بَشِيراً وَنَذِيراً بَيْنَ يَدَي السَّاعَةِ، مَنْ يُطِعْ الله وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ، وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فإنَّهُ لا يَضُرُّ إلاَّ نَفْسَهُ ولا يَضُرُّ الله شَيْئاً
Rasulullah SAW membaca mengulang-ngulang doa taubat dibawah ini 100 kali. Bacalah
doa istigfar seperti dibawah ini setiap saat, di majlis, habis sholat, baik dalam keadaan
berdiri, duduk maupun berbaring.
12462 ) قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: )
« رَب اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَتُبْ عَلَيَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ »
(د ه) عن ابن عُمَرَ رضيَ اللَّهُ عنهُمَا. جامع المسانيد والمراسيل
ROBBIG FIRLIE WAR HAMNIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA
ANTAT TAWWABUR ROHIEM
Ya Tuhan ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang
5346 ) حدثنا عبد الله ، حدثني أبي ، حدثنا أَحمد بن عبد الملك ، أَخبرنا زهير ، حدثنا أَبو إِسحاق ، عن مجاهد ، عن ابن عمر قال: آنت جالساً عند النبي صلى الله عليه )
وسلم، فسمعته استغفر مائة مرة، ثم يقول:
اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لي، وارحمني، وتُبْ عليَّ، إِنَّك أَنت التوابّ الرحيم، »
مسند الإمام أحمد . . « أو: إِنك تواب غفور
Atau (Robbi diganti Allahumma)
ALLAHUMMAGFIRLIE WAR HAMNIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA ANTAT
TAWWABUR ROHIEM , atau INNAKA TAWWAABUN GAFUUR.
Ya Allah ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang, atau sesungguhnya Engkau Maha
penerima Taubat dan Maha Pengampun
إِنْ آُنَّا لَنَعُدُّ لِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في المَجْلِسِ » : 1517 ) حدثنا الْحَسَنُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ أخبرنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عن مَالِكٍ بنِ مِغْوَلٍ عن مُحمَّدِ بنِ سُوقَةَ عن نافِعٍ عن ابنِ عُمَرَ ، قال )
الْوَاحِدِ مَائَةَ مَرَّةٍ:
سنن أبي داوود .« رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَتُبْ عَلَيَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
Atau
ROBBIG FIRLIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA ANTAT TAWWABUR ROHIEM
2
Ya Tuhan ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang
Penghulu Taubat (Sayyidul istigfar)
سَيِّدُ الاِسْتِغْفَارِ: » : 962 ) وَعَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ )
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّي لاَ إلهَ إلاَّ أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَنِي وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَأَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ
وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا صَنَعْتُ أَبُوءُ لَكَ بِنِعْمَتِكَ
عَلَيَّ، وَأَبُوءُ بِذَنْبِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي إنَّهُ لاَ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إلاَّ أَنْتَ.
لاَ يَقُولُهَا » : رواه البخاري والنسائي والترمذي. وعنده .« مَنْ قَالَهَا مُوقِناً بِهَا حِينَ يُمْسِي، فَمَاتَ مِنْ لَيْلَتِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَمَنْ قَالَهَا مُوقِناً بِهَا حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَمَاتَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ
وليس لشداد في البخاري غير هذا .« أَحَدٌ حِينَ يُمْسِي فَيَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ قَدَرٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصْبِحَ إلاَّ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَلاَ يَقُولُهَا حِينَ يُصْبِحُ فَيَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ قَدَرٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُمْسِي إلاَّ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ
بباء موحدة مضمومة، وهمزة بعد الواو ممدوداً معناه: أُقرّ وأعترف. :« أبوء » . الحديث، ورواه أبو داود، وابن حبان والحاآم من حديث بريدة رضي الله عنه
الترغيب والترهيب
ALLAHUMMA ANTA ROBBIE LAA ILAAHA ILLA ANTA
KHOLAQTANIE WA ANAA ‘ABDUKA WA ANAA ‘ALAA ‘AHDIKA
WA WA’DIKA MAS TATHO’TU, A’UUDZU BIKA MIN SYARRI MAA
SHONA’TU ABUU-U LAKA BINI’MATIKA ‘ALAYYA, WA ABUU-U
BIDZANBIE FAGFIRLIE INNAHU LAA YAGFIRUD DZUNUUBA
ILLA ANTA.
Ya Allah Engkau Tuhanku, tidak ada tuhan selain Engkau , Engkaulah yang
menjadikan aku , dan aku adalah hamba-Mu, aku akan selalu menepati janji-Mu
sekemampuan-Ku, aku berlindung kepada-Mu dari kejahatan yang aku perbuat. Aku
kembali kepada-Mu dengan nikmat yang telah Engkau berikan. Aku kembali kepada-
Mu dengan dosa, maka mapunilah aku, sesungguhnya tidak ada yang bisa
mengampuni dosa kecuali Engkau.
Penjelasan:
Rasulullah SAW bersabda bahwa lafadz tersebut diatas adalah penghulu dari semua
lafadz-lafadz tubat, menurut riwayat Syiddad ra bahwa Rasulullah SAW mengatakan
bahwa barang siapa yang mengucapakannya pada sore hari dan meninggal malam
harinya, maka ia masuk dalam surga dan barang siapa yang mengucapkannya pagi hari
dan meninggal siang harinya, maka ia masuk surga. (hadis ini diriwayatkan oleh Bukhari,
Nasai, Tirmidizi, Abu Daud, Ibnu Hibban, Alhakim dan linnya.)
Semoga bermanfaat, di dunia dan akhirat amien.
Do’a Taubat, dan Penghulu Taubat
ijk
الْحَمْدُ لله نَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بالله مِنْ شُرُورِ أنْفُسِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ الله فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ، وَأشْهَدُ أن لا إلٰهَ إلاَّ الله، وَأشْهَدُ أنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُ هُ وَرَسُولُهُ (صَلَّى اللّهُ
.« عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)، أرْسَلَهُ بالْحَقِّ بَشِيراً وَنَذِيراً بَيْنَ يَدَي السَّاعَةِ، مَنْ يُطِعْ الله وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ، وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فإنَّهُ لا يَضُرُّ إلاَّ نَفْسَهُ ولا يَضُرُّ الله شَيْئاً
Rasulullah SAW membaca mengulang-ngulang doa taubat dibawah ini 100 kali. Bacalah
doa istigfar seperti dibawah ini setiap saat, di majlis, habis sholat, baik dalam keadaan
berdiri, duduk maupun berbaring.
12462 ) قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: )
« رَب اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَتُبْ عَلَيَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ »
(د ه) عن ابن عُمَرَ رضيَ اللَّهُ عنهُمَا. جامع المسانيد والمراسيل
ROBBIG FIRLIE WAR HAMNIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA
ANTAT TAWWABUR ROHIEM
Ya Tuhan ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang
5346 ) حدثنا عبد الله ، حدثني أبي ، حدثنا أَحمد بن عبد الملك ، أَخبرنا زهير ، حدثنا أَبو إِسحاق ، عن مجاهد ، عن ابن عمر قال: آنت جالساً عند النبي صلى الله عليه )
وسلم، فسمعته استغفر مائة مرة، ثم يقول:
اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لي، وارحمني، وتُبْ عليَّ، إِنَّك أَنت التوابّ الرحيم، »
مسند الإمام أحمد . . « أو: إِنك تواب غفور
Atau (Robbi diganti Allahumma)
ALLAHUMMAGFIRLIE WAR HAMNIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA ANTAT
TAWWABUR ROHIEM , atau INNAKA TAWWAABUN GAFUUR.
Ya Allah ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang, atau sesungguhnya Engkau Maha
penerima Taubat dan Maha Pengampun
إِنْ آُنَّا لَنَعُدُّ لِرَسُولِ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في المَجْلِسِ » : 1517 ) حدثنا الْحَسَنُ بنُ عَلِيٍّ أخبرنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عن مَالِكٍ بنِ مِغْوَلٍ عن مُحمَّدِ بنِ سُوقَةَ عن نافِعٍ عن ابنِ عُمَرَ ، قال )
الْوَاحِدِ مَائَةَ مَرَّةٍ:
سنن أبي داوود .« رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَتُبْ عَلَيَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
Atau
ROBBIG FIRLIE WA TUB ‘ALAYYA INNAKA ANTAT TAWWABUR ROHIEM
2
Ya Tuhan ampunilah dan sayangilah aku dan terimalah taubatku , sesungguhnya Engkau
Maha penerima Taubat dan Maha Penyayang
Penghulu Taubat (Sayyidul istigfar)
سَيِّدُ الاِسْتِغْفَارِ: » : 962 ) وَعَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ )
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّي لاَ إلهَ إلاَّ أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَنِي وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَأَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ
وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا صَنَعْتُ أَبُوءُ لَكَ بِنِعْمَتِكَ
عَلَيَّ، وَأَبُوءُ بِذَنْبِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي إنَّهُ لاَ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إلاَّ أَنْتَ.
لاَ يَقُولُهَا » : رواه البخاري والنسائي والترمذي. وعنده .« مَنْ قَالَهَا مُوقِناً بِهَا حِينَ يُمْسِي، فَمَاتَ مِنْ لَيْلَتِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَمَنْ قَالَهَا مُوقِناً بِهَا حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَمَاتَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ
وليس لشداد في البخاري غير هذا .« أَحَدٌ حِينَ يُمْسِي فَيَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ قَدَرٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصْبِحَ إلاَّ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَلاَ يَقُولُهَا حِينَ يُصْبِحُ فَيَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ قَدَرٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُمْسِي إلاَّ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ
بباء موحدة مضمومة، وهمزة بعد الواو ممدوداً معناه: أُقرّ وأعترف. :« أبوء » . الحديث، ورواه أبو داود، وابن حبان والحاآم من حديث بريدة رضي الله عنه
الترغيب والترهيب
ALLAHUMMA ANTA ROBBIE LAA ILAAHA ILLA ANTA
KHOLAQTANIE WA ANAA ‘ABDUKA WA ANAA ‘ALAA ‘AHDIKA
WA WA’DIKA MAS TATHO’TU, A’UUDZU BIKA MIN SYARRI MAA
SHONA’TU ABUU-U LAKA BINI’MATIKA ‘ALAYYA, WA ABUU-U
BIDZANBIE FAGFIRLIE INNAHU LAA YAGFIRUD DZUNUUBA
ILLA ANTA.
Ya Allah Engkau Tuhanku, tidak ada tuhan selain Engkau , Engkaulah yang
menjadikan aku , dan aku adalah hamba-Mu, aku akan selalu menepati janji-Mu
sekemampuan-Ku, aku berlindung kepada-Mu dari kejahatan yang aku perbuat. Aku
kembali kepada-Mu dengan nikmat yang telah Engkau berikan. Aku kembali kepada-
Mu dengan dosa, maka mapunilah aku, sesungguhnya tidak ada yang bisa
mengampuni dosa kecuali Engkau.
Penjelasan:
Rasulullah SAW bersabda bahwa lafadz tersebut diatas adalah penghulu dari semua
lafadz-lafadz tubat, menurut riwayat Syiddad ra bahwa Rasulullah SAW mengatakan
bahwa barang siapa yang mengucapakannya pada sore hari dan meninggal malam
harinya, maka ia masuk dalam surga dan barang siapa yang mengucapkannya pagi hari
dan meninggal siang harinya, maka ia masuk surga. (hadis ini diriwayatkan oleh Bukhari,
Nasai, Tirmidizi, Abu Daud, Ibnu Hibban, Alhakim dan linnya.)
Semoga bermanfaat, di dunia dan akhirat amien.
LAILATHUL KADAR
LAILATULQADAR MALAM YANG DINANTI OLEH MUKMIN
10 akhir Ramadhan adalah merupakan di antara malam-malam yang penuh dengan keberkatan dan kelebihan yang tertentu. Malam-malam ini adalah merupakan malam yang ditunggu-tunggu oleh seluruh orang mukmin. Bulan Ramadhan, Al Quran dan malam Lailatulqadar mempunyai hubungan yang rapat antara satu sama lain sebagaimana yang diterangkan di dalam kitab Allah dan hadis Rasulullah s.a.w. di antaranya firman Allah s.w.t.
Maksudnya: "Sesungguhnya kami menurunkan Al-Quran pada malam Lailatulqadar dan apakah yang menyebabkan engkau mengerti apa itu Lailatulqadar. Lailatulqadar lebih baik daripada 1000 bulan. Pada malam itu, para malaikat dan Jibril turun dengan keizinan daripada Tuhan mereka untuk setiap urusan. Malam ini sejahtera hingga terbit fajar".
Sebab turun surah al-Qadr
Lailatulqadar mempunyai kelebihan yang begitu besar. Ianya lebih baik dari 1000 bulan yang lain. Sebab diturunkan ayat tersebut diriwayatkan daripada Mujahid dikatakan sebab turun ayat tersebut ialah Nabi s.a.w. telah menyebut tentang seorang lelaki daripada Bani Israel yang telah menggunakan alat senjatanya untuk berperang pada jalan Allah maka orang Islam pun kagum di atas perbuatan itu lalu Allah menurunkan ayat di atas.
Riwayat yang lain pula dari Ali bin Aurah pada satu hari Rasulullah telah menyebut 4 orang Bani Israel yang telah beribadah kepada Allah selama 80 tahun. Mereka sedikitpun tidak derhaka kepada Allah lalu para sahabat kagum dengan perbuatan mereka itu. Jibril datang memberitahu kepada Rasulullah bahawa Allah w.s.t. menurunkan yang lebih baik dari amalan mereka. Jibril pun membaca surah Al Qadar dan Jibril berkata kepada Rasulullah ayat ini lebih baik daripada apa yang engkau kagumkan ini menjadikan Rasulullah s.a.w. dan para sahabat amat gembira.
Daripada ayat di atas dapatlah kita ketahui bagaimana besar kelebihan orang yang beribadah pada malam lailatulqadar. Ianya satu malam menyamai beramal 1000 bulan.
Dalam hadis Rasulullah s.a.w. menyebut
Maksudnya: "Rasulullah bersungguh-sungguh beribadah pada 10 akhir bulan Ramadhan lebih daripada yang lainnya"
Rasulullah s.a.w. melakukan ibadah pada malam itu bukan hanya setakat baginda sahaja tetapi baginda menyuruh ahli keluarga bangun bersama beribadah. Kata Aisyah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Nabi s.a.w. apabila masuk 10 akhir bulan Ramadhan baginda mengikat kainnya. Menghidupkan malam dengan beribadah dan membangunkan keluarganya untuk sama-sama beribadah. Mengikat kainnya bermaksud bersungguh-sungguh mengerjakan ibadah."
Kelebihan Menghayati Malam Lailatulqadar
Kerana mulianya Lailatulqadar, Rasulullah s.a.w. menganjurkan supaya umatnya bersedia menyambut dan menghayati malam yang berkat itu dengan pelbagai jenis amalan dan ibadah yang diterangkan di antaranya hadis yang diriwayatkan daripada Abu Hurairah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Barangsiapa menghayati malam Lailatulqadar dengan mengerjakan sembahyang dan berbagai jenis ibadat yang lain sedang ia beriman dan mengharapkan rahmat Allah taala nescaya ia diampunkan dosanya yang terdahulu.
Rasulullah s.a.w. sendiri menjadi contoh yang baik yang menghayati malam lailatulqadar terutama 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan dengan beriktikaf di Masjid mengerjakan pelbagai amal ibadah untuk menyambut malam Lailatulqadar yang mulia.
Ini diterangkan di dalam satu hadis diriwayatkan daripada Aishah r.a. Katanya:
Maksudnya: "Biasanya Rasulullah s.a.w. berusaha dengan bersungguh-sungguh memperbanyakan amal ibadah pada 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan berbanding dengan masa yang lain."
Dalam hadis yang lain Aishah juga meriwayatkan bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda bersedialah dengan bersungguh-sungguh untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar pada malam-malam yang ganjil dalam 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan.
Malam-malam yang ganjil yang tersebut ialah malam 21, 23, 25, 27 & 29 dari bulan Ramadhan. Dalam pada itu terdapat juga beberapa hadis yang menyatakan bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu pernah ditemui dalam zaman Rasulullah s.a.w. pada malam 21 Ramadhan. Pernah juga ditemui pada malam 23 Ramadhan. Terdapat juga hadis yang mengatakan bahawa baginda Rasulullah s.a.w. menjawab pertanyaan seorang sahabat yang bertanya mengenai masa Lailatulqadar supaya ianya bersedia dan menghayatinya. Baginda menjelaskan malam Lailatulqadar itu adalah malam 27 Ramadhan. Dari keterangan-keterangan di atas dapatlah kita membuat kesimpulan bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu berpindah dari satu tahun ke satu tahun yang lain di dalam lingkungan 10 malam yang akhir dari bulan Ramadhan. Yang pastinya bahawa masa berlakunya malam Lailatulqadar itu tetap dirahsiakan oleh Allah s.w.t. supaya setiap umat Islam menghayati 10 malam yang akhir daripada Ramadhan dengan amal ibadat. Kerana dengan cara itulah sahaja mudah-mudahan akan dapat menemuinya dan dapat pula rahmat yang diharapkan yang akan menjadikan seseorang itu hidup bahagia di dunia mahupun di akhirat.
Doa khusus di Malam Lailatulqadar
Doa tersebut diterangkan di dalam hadis berikut
1. Hadis yang diriwayatkan daripada Aishah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Saya pernah bertanya kepada Rasulullah s.a.w. bagimana kiranya saya mengetahui malam Lailatulqadar dengan tepat. Apa yang saya akan doakan pada saat itu. Baginda menjawab berdoalah dengan doa yang berikut"
Maksudnya: "Ya Allah ya Tuhanku sesungguhnya engkau sentiasa memaafkan salah silaf hamba lagi suka memaafkan oleh itu maafkanlah salah silafku. Terdapat juga beberapa doa yang disar ankan oleh para alim ulamak kita melakukannya seperti membaca doa
Orang yang beribadah pada 10 malam yang tersebut akan mendapat rahmat yang dijanjikan dan telah sabit di dalam hadis-hadis yang sahih bahawa malam Lailatulqadar ujud pada salah satu malam yang 10 itu terutama pada malam 21, 23, 25, 27 dan 29. Orang-orang yang tekun beribadah di dalam masa tersebut untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar akan mendapat rahmat yang dijanjikan itu samada ia dapat menemui atau tidak dan tidak melihat apa-apa kerana yang penting yang tersebut di dalam hadis sahih riwayat Bukhari dan Muslim ialah:
1. Menghayati malam tersebut dengan beribadah.
2. Beriman dengan yakin bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu adalah benar dan dituntut menghayatinya dengan amal ibadah.
3. Amal ibadah itu dikerjakan kerana Allah semata-mata dengan mengharapkan rahmatnya dan keredaannya.
Adalah diharapkan sebelum daripada kita beramal ibadat di malam Lailatulqadar hendaklah kita bertaubat dengan sebenar-benarnya iaitu taubat nasuha dan terus beristiqamah tetap teguh mengerjakan suruhan Allah dan meninggalkan segala larangannya.
Tanda Malam Lailatulqadar
Para alim ulamak r.h. menyebutkan beberapa tanda atau alamat berhubung dengan malam Lailatulqadar:
- Ada yang berkata orang yang menemui malam Lailatulqadar ia melihat nur yang terang benderang di segenap tempat hingga di segala cerok yang gelap gelita.
- Ada pula yang berkata ia mendengar ucapan salam dan kata-kata yang lain dari Malaikat.
- Ada juga yang berkata ia melihat segala benda termasuk pohon-pohon kayu rebah sujud.
- Ada pula yang berkata doa permohonannya makbul.
Imam Tabari r.h. memilih kaul yang menegaskan bahawa semuanya itu tidak lazim dan tidak semestinya ia dapat melihatnya kerana tidak disyaratkan melihat sesuatu atau mendengarnya untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar.
10 akhir Ramadhan adalah merupakan di antara malam-malam yang penuh dengan keberkatan dan kelebihan yang tertentu. Malam-malam ini adalah merupakan malam yang ditunggu-tunggu oleh seluruh orang mukmin. Bulan Ramadhan, Al Quran dan malam Lailatulqadar mempunyai hubungan yang rapat antara satu sama lain sebagaimana yang diterangkan di dalam kitab Allah dan hadis Rasulullah s.a.w. di antaranya firman Allah s.w.t.
Maksudnya: "Sesungguhnya kami menurunkan Al-Quran pada malam Lailatulqadar dan apakah yang menyebabkan engkau mengerti apa itu Lailatulqadar. Lailatulqadar lebih baik daripada 1000 bulan. Pada malam itu, para malaikat dan Jibril turun dengan keizinan daripada Tuhan mereka untuk setiap urusan. Malam ini sejahtera hingga terbit fajar".
Sebab turun surah al-Qadr
Lailatulqadar mempunyai kelebihan yang begitu besar. Ianya lebih baik dari 1000 bulan yang lain. Sebab diturunkan ayat tersebut diriwayatkan daripada Mujahid dikatakan sebab turun ayat tersebut ialah Nabi s.a.w. telah menyebut tentang seorang lelaki daripada Bani Israel yang telah menggunakan alat senjatanya untuk berperang pada jalan Allah maka orang Islam pun kagum di atas perbuatan itu lalu Allah menurunkan ayat di atas.
Riwayat yang lain pula dari Ali bin Aurah pada satu hari Rasulullah telah menyebut 4 orang Bani Israel yang telah beribadah kepada Allah selama 80 tahun. Mereka sedikitpun tidak derhaka kepada Allah lalu para sahabat kagum dengan perbuatan mereka itu. Jibril datang memberitahu kepada Rasulullah bahawa Allah w.s.t. menurunkan yang lebih baik dari amalan mereka. Jibril pun membaca surah Al Qadar dan Jibril berkata kepada Rasulullah ayat ini lebih baik daripada apa yang engkau kagumkan ini menjadikan Rasulullah s.a.w. dan para sahabat amat gembira.
Daripada ayat di atas dapatlah kita ketahui bagaimana besar kelebihan orang yang beribadah pada malam lailatulqadar. Ianya satu malam menyamai beramal 1000 bulan.
Dalam hadis Rasulullah s.a.w. menyebut
Maksudnya: "Rasulullah bersungguh-sungguh beribadah pada 10 akhir bulan Ramadhan lebih daripada yang lainnya"
Rasulullah s.a.w. melakukan ibadah pada malam itu bukan hanya setakat baginda sahaja tetapi baginda menyuruh ahli keluarga bangun bersama beribadah. Kata Aisyah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Nabi s.a.w. apabila masuk 10 akhir bulan Ramadhan baginda mengikat kainnya. Menghidupkan malam dengan beribadah dan membangunkan keluarganya untuk sama-sama beribadah. Mengikat kainnya bermaksud bersungguh-sungguh mengerjakan ibadah."
Kelebihan Menghayati Malam Lailatulqadar
Kerana mulianya Lailatulqadar, Rasulullah s.a.w. menganjurkan supaya umatnya bersedia menyambut dan menghayati malam yang berkat itu dengan pelbagai jenis amalan dan ibadah yang diterangkan di antaranya hadis yang diriwayatkan daripada Abu Hurairah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Barangsiapa menghayati malam Lailatulqadar dengan mengerjakan sembahyang dan berbagai jenis ibadat yang lain sedang ia beriman dan mengharapkan rahmat Allah taala nescaya ia diampunkan dosanya yang terdahulu.
Rasulullah s.a.w. sendiri menjadi contoh yang baik yang menghayati malam lailatulqadar terutama 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan dengan beriktikaf di Masjid mengerjakan pelbagai amal ibadah untuk menyambut malam Lailatulqadar yang mulia.
Ini diterangkan di dalam satu hadis diriwayatkan daripada Aishah r.a. Katanya:
Maksudnya: "Biasanya Rasulullah s.a.w. berusaha dengan bersungguh-sungguh memperbanyakan amal ibadah pada 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan berbanding dengan masa yang lain."
Dalam hadis yang lain Aishah juga meriwayatkan bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda bersedialah dengan bersungguh-sungguh untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar pada malam-malam yang ganjil dalam 10 malam yang akhir daripada bulan Ramadhan.
Malam-malam yang ganjil yang tersebut ialah malam 21, 23, 25, 27 & 29 dari bulan Ramadhan. Dalam pada itu terdapat juga beberapa hadis yang menyatakan bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu pernah ditemui dalam zaman Rasulullah s.a.w. pada malam 21 Ramadhan. Pernah juga ditemui pada malam 23 Ramadhan. Terdapat juga hadis yang mengatakan bahawa baginda Rasulullah s.a.w. menjawab pertanyaan seorang sahabat yang bertanya mengenai masa Lailatulqadar supaya ianya bersedia dan menghayatinya. Baginda menjelaskan malam Lailatulqadar itu adalah malam 27 Ramadhan. Dari keterangan-keterangan di atas dapatlah kita membuat kesimpulan bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu berpindah dari satu tahun ke satu tahun yang lain di dalam lingkungan 10 malam yang akhir dari bulan Ramadhan. Yang pastinya bahawa masa berlakunya malam Lailatulqadar itu tetap dirahsiakan oleh Allah s.w.t. supaya setiap umat Islam menghayati 10 malam yang akhir daripada Ramadhan dengan amal ibadat. Kerana dengan cara itulah sahaja mudah-mudahan akan dapat menemuinya dan dapat pula rahmat yang diharapkan yang akan menjadikan seseorang itu hidup bahagia di dunia mahupun di akhirat.
Doa khusus di Malam Lailatulqadar
Doa tersebut diterangkan di dalam hadis berikut
1. Hadis yang diriwayatkan daripada Aishah r.a.
Maksudnya: "Saya pernah bertanya kepada Rasulullah s.a.w. bagimana kiranya saya mengetahui malam Lailatulqadar dengan tepat. Apa yang saya akan doakan pada saat itu. Baginda menjawab berdoalah dengan doa yang berikut"
Maksudnya: "Ya Allah ya Tuhanku sesungguhnya engkau sentiasa memaafkan salah silaf hamba lagi suka memaafkan oleh itu maafkanlah salah silafku. Terdapat juga beberapa doa yang disar ankan oleh para alim ulamak kita melakukannya seperti membaca doa
Orang yang beribadah pada 10 malam yang tersebut akan mendapat rahmat yang dijanjikan dan telah sabit di dalam hadis-hadis yang sahih bahawa malam Lailatulqadar ujud pada salah satu malam yang 10 itu terutama pada malam 21, 23, 25, 27 dan 29. Orang-orang yang tekun beribadah di dalam masa tersebut untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar akan mendapat rahmat yang dijanjikan itu samada ia dapat menemui atau tidak dan tidak melihat apa-apa kerana yang penting yang tersebut di dalam hadis sahih riwayat Bukhari dan Muslim ialah:
1. Menghayati malam tersebut dengan beribadah.
2. Beriman dengan yakin bahawa malam Lailatulqadar itu adalah benar dan dituntut menghayatinya dengan amal ibadah.
3. Amal ibadah itu dikerjakan kerana Allah semata-mata dengan mengharapkan rahmatnya dan keredaannya.
Adalah diharapkan sebelum daripada kita beramal ibadat di malam Lailatulqadar hendaklah kita bertaubat dengan sebenar-benarnya iaitu taubat nasuha dan terus beristiqamah tetap teguh mengerjakan suruhan Allah dan meninggalkan segala larangannya.
Tanda Malam Lailatulqadar
Para alim ulamak r.h. menyebutkan beberapa tanda atau alamat berhubung dengan malam Lailatulqadar:
- Ada yang berkata orang yang menemui malam Lailatulqadar ia melihat nur yang terang benderang di segenap tempat hingga di segala cerok yang gelap gelita.
- Ada pula yang berkata ia mendengar ucapan salam dan kata-kata yang lain dari Malaikat.
- Ada juga yang berkata ia melihat segala benda termasuk pohon-pohon kayu rebah sujud.
- Ada pula yang berkata doa permohonannya makbul.
Imam Tabari r.h. memilih kaul yang menegaskan bahawa semuanya itu tidak lazim dan tidak semestinya ia dapat melihatnya kerana tidak disyaratkan melihat sesuatu atau mendengarnya untuk menemui malam Lailatulqadar.
Fdhilat berpuasa Ramadhan AlMubarak
FADHILAT BERPUASA DIBULAN RAMADHAN ALMUBARAK
1. Pengampunan Dosa
Dari Abi Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu dari Nabi Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam bersabda (yang erti nya): “Barangsiapa yang berpuasa di bulan Ramadhan dengan penuh iman dan ihtisab maka akan diampuni dosa-dosanya yang telah lalu.” (Hadis Riwayat al-Bukhari (4/99), Muslim (759))
Maksud “Penuh iman dan Ihtisab” di sini adalah membenarkan wajibnya puasa, mengharapkan pahalanya, hatinya senang dalam mengamalkan, tidak membencinya, dan tidak merasa berat dalam mengamalkannya.
Dari Abi Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu juga Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam pernah bersabda (yang ertinya):
“Solat yang lima waktu, Juma'at ke Juma'at, Ramadhan ke Ramadhan adalah penghapus dosa yang terjadi di antara senggang waktu tersebut jika menjauhi dosa besar”. (Hadis Riwayat Muslim (233))
Dari Abu Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu juga, bahawa Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wa salam pernah naik mimbar kemudian berkata: “Amin, Amin, Amin”, ditanyakan kepadanya:”Ya Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam: Engkau naik mimbar kemudian mengucapkan: Amin, Amin, Amin? Beliau bersabda:
“Sesungguhnya Jibril ‘alaihissalam datang kepadaku, dia berkata: “Barangsiapa yang mendapati bulan Ramadhan tetapi tidak diampuni dosanya maka akan masuk neraka dan akan Allah jauhkan dia, katakan: “Amin”, maka akupun mengucapkan : Amin……”.” (Hadis Riwayat Ibnu Khuzaimah (3/192), Ahmad (2/246 dan 254) dan al-Baihaqi (4/204) dari jalan Abu Hurairah. Hadis ini sahih, asalnya terdapat dalam “Sahih Muslim” (4/1978))
2. Dikabulkannya do'a dan pembebasan dari api neraka
Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam bersabda (yang ertinya): “Allah memiliki hamba-hamba yang dibebaskan dari neraka setiap siang dan malam bulan Ramadhan, dan semua orang muslim yang berdo'a akan dikabulkan do'anya.” (Hadis Riwayat al-Bazzar (3142), Ahmad (2/254) dari jalan A'mas, dari Abu Shalih dari Jabir, diriwayatkan oleh Ibnu Majah (1643) darinya dengan ringkas dari jalan lain, hadits sahih. Do'a yang dikabulkan itu adalah ketika berbuka - lihat “Misbahuh Azzujajah” (no. 604) karya al-Bushiri)
3. Orang yang berpuasa termasuk shidiqin dan syuhada
Dari Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani Radhiallahu 'anhu berkata: Datang seorang lelaki kepada Nabi Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam kemudian berkata: “Ya Rasulullah! Apa pendapatmu jika aku bersaksi bahawa tidak ada sesembahan yang hak untuk diibadahi kecuali Allah, engkau adalah Rasulullah Shalallahualaihi wasalam, aku solat lima waktu, aku tunaikan zakat, aku melaksanakan puasa Ramadhan dan solat tarawih di malam harinya, termasuk orang yang manakah aku? Beliau menjawab: “Termasuk dari shidiqin dan syuhada”. (Hadis Riwayat Ibnu Hibban (no. 11 di dalam Zawaidnya) sanadnya sahih
1. Pengampunan Dosa
Dari Abi Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu dari Nabi Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam bersabda (yang erti nya): “Barangsiapa yang berpuasa di bulan Ramadhan dengan penuh iman dan ihtisab maka akan diampuni dosa-dosanya yang telah lalu.” (Hadis Riwayat al-Bukhari (4/99), Muslim (759))
Maksud “Penuh iman dan Ihtisab” di sini adalah membenarkan wajibnya puasa, mengharapkan pahalanya, hatinya senang dalam mengamalkan, tidak membencinya, dan tidak merasa berat dalam mengamalkannya.
Dari Abi Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu juga Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam pernah bersabda (yang ertinya):
“Solat yang lima waktu, Juma'at ke Juma'at, Ramadhan ke Ramadhan adalah penghapus dosa yang terjadi di antara senggang waktu tersebut jika menjauhi dosa besar”. (Hadis Riwayat Muslim (233))
Dari Abu Hurairah radhiallahu 'anhu juga, bahawa Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wa salam pernah naik mimbar kemudian berkata: “Amin, Amin, Amin”, ditanyakan kepadanya:”Ya Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam: Engkau naik mimbar kemudian mengucapkan: Amin, Amin, Amin? Beliau bersabda:
“Sesungguhnya Jibril ‘alaihissalam datang kepadaku, dia berkata: “Barangsiapa yang mendapati bulan Ramadhan tetapi tidak diampuni dosanya maka akan masuk neraka dan akan Allah jauhkan dia, katakan: “Amin”, maka akupun mengucapkan : Amin……”.” (Hadis Riwayat Ibnu Khuzaimah (3/192), Ahmad (2/246 dan 254) dan al-Baihaqi (4/204) dari jalan Abu Hurairah. Hadis ini sahih, asalnya terdapat dalam “Sahih Muslim” (4/1978))
2. Dikabulkannya do'a dan pembebasan dari api neraka
Rasulullah Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam bersabda (yang ertinya): “Allah memiliki hamba-hamba yang dibebaskan dari neraka setiap siang dan malam bulan Ramadhan, dan semua orang muslim yang berdo'a akan dikabulkan do'anya.” (Hadis Riwayat al-Bazzar (3142), Ahmad (2/254) dari jalan A'mas, dari Abu Shalih dari Jabir, diriwayatkan oleh Ibnu Majah (1643) darinya dengan ringkas dari jalan lain, hadits sahih. Do'a yang dikabulkan itu adalah ketika berbuka - lihat “Misbahuh Azzujajah” (no. 604) karya al-Bushiri)
3. Orang yang berpuasa termasuk shidiqin dan syuhada
Dari Amr bin Murrah al-Juhani Radhiallahu 'anhu berkata: Datang seorang lelaki kepada Nabi Shalallahu 'alaihi wasalam kemudian berkata: “Ya Rasulullah! Apa pendapatmu jika aku bersaksi bahawa tidak ada sesembahan yang hak untuk diibadahi kecuali Allah, engkau adalah Rasulullah Shalallahualaihi wasalam, aku solat lima waktu, aku tunaikan zakat, aku melaksanakan puasa Ramadhan dan solat tarawih di malam harinya, termasuk orang yang manakah aku? Beliau menjawab: “Termasuk dari shidiqin dan syuhada”. (Hadis Riwayat Ibnu Hibban (no. 11 di dalam Zawaidnya) sanadnya sahih
Health risk assessment
Health risk assessment
A health risk assessment (HRA) is a health questionnaire, used to provide individuals with an evaluation of their health risks and quality of life.[4] Commonly a HRA incorporates three key elements – an extended questionnaire, a risk calculation or score, and some form of feedback i.e. face-to-face with a health advisor or an automatic online report]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define a HRA as: “a systematic approach to collecting information from individuals that identifies risk factors, provides individualised feedback, and links the person with at least one intervention to promote health, sustain function and/or prevent diseaseThere are a range of different HRAs available, however most capture information relating to: Demographic characteristics – age, sex
Lifestyle – exercise, smoking, alcohol intake, diet
Personal and family medical history (in the US, due to the current interpretation of the Genetic Information Non-discrimination Act, questions regarding family medical history are not permitted if there is any incentive attached to taking a HRA)
Physiological data – weight, height, blood pressure, cholesterol
Attitudes and willingness to change behaviour in order to improve health
The main objectives of a HRA are to
Assess health status
Estimate the level of health risk
Inform and provide feedback to participants to motivate behaviour change to reduce health risks
]History
The original concept of the HRA can be traced back to Dr Lewis C. Robbins and his work on preventive medical practice. [7] This culminated in the publication of How to Practice Prospective Medicine in 1970 – a guide for practising physicians, which outlined the health risk assessment questionnaire, risk computations and patient feedback strategies. It wasn't until 1980, when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a publicly available version, that the HRA became widely used, particularly in workplace settings. The use of HRAs and corporate wellness programmes has been most prevalent in the United States, with comparatively slower growth elsewhere. However there has been recent strong growth in corporate wellness outside the US, particularly in Europe and Asia
]Usage
Once an individual completes a HRA, they usually receive a report, detailing their health rating or score, often broken down into specific sub scores and areas such as stress, nutrition and fitness. The report can also provide recommendations on how individuals can reduce their health risks by changing their lifestye. In addition to individual feedback, HRAs are also used to provide aggregated data reporting for employers and organisations. These reports include demographic data of participants, highlight health risk areas and often include cost projections and savings in terms of increased healthcare, absence and productivity. Organisation-level reports can then be used to provide a first step by which organizations can target and monitor appropriate health interventions within their workforce.
[
HRA delivery
The delivery of HRAs has changed over the years in conjunction with advances in technology. Initially distributed as paper-based, self-scoring questionnaires through on-site workplace health promotion sessions, HRAs are now most commonly implemented online. Other delivery methods include telephone, mail and face-to-face.
The advantages of online HRAs include: Tailoring – online HRAs can adapt content based on an individual’s answers to the HRA questionnaire to provide a personalised, relevant and interactive user experience.
Improved data management
Reduced administrative costs
Instant feedback
]Efficacy
Extensive research has shown that HRAs can be used effectively to:
Identify health risk factorsPredict health-related costsMeasure absenteeism and presenteeismEvaluate the efficacy and return on investment of health promotion strategies There is also recent evidence to suggest that taking a HRA alone can have a positive effect on health behaviour change and health status. However, it is generally accepted that HRAs are most effective at promoting behaviour change when they form part of an integrated, multi-component health promotion programme. Applied in this way, the HRA is used primarily as a tool to identify health risks within a population and then target health interventions and behaviour change programmes to address these areas.[4]
]Benefits
The Wellness Councils of America (WELCOA) outlines 10 key benefits of conducting personal health risk assessments. Health risk assessments: Provide employees with a snapshot of their current health status.
Enable individuals to monitor their health status over time.
Provide employees with concrete information thus preparing them for lifestyle change.
Help individuals get involved with health coaching.
Provide important information concerning employees' readiness to change.
Help employers measure and monitor population health status.
Provide employers with important information that can help them build results-oriented health promotion programmes.
Can provide employers with important information on productivity.
Allow employers to evaluate changes in health behaviour and health risks over time.
Engage both employers and employees in the health management process.
]Limitations
The limitations of a HRA are largely related to its usage and it is important to recognise that a HRA highlights health risks but does not diagnose disease and should not replace consultation with a medical or health practitioner.
A health risk assessment (HRA) is a health questionnaire, used to provide individuals with an evaluation of their health risks and quality of life.[4] Commonly a HRA incorporates three key elements – an extended questionnaire, a risk calculation or score, and some form of feedback i.e. face-to-face with a health advisor or an automatic online report]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define a HRA as: “a systematic approach to collecting information from individuals that identifies risk factors, provides individualised feedback, and links the person with at least one intervention to promote health, sustain function and/or prevent diseaseThere are a range of different HRAs available, however most capture information relating to: Demographic characteristics – age, sex
Lifestyle – exercise, smoking, alcohol intake, diet
Personal and family medical history (in the US, due to the current interpretation of the Genetic Information Non-discrimination Act, questions regarding family medical history are not permitted if there is any incentive attached to taking a HRA)
Physiological data – weight, height, blood pressure, cholesterol
Attitudes and willingness to change behaviour in order to improve health
The main objectives of a HRA are to
Assess health status
Estimate the level of health risk
Inform and provide feedback to participants to motivate behaviour change to reduce health risks
]History
The original concept of the HRA can be traced back to Dr Lewis C. Robbins and his work on preventive medical practice. [7] This culminated in the publication of How to Practice Prospective Medicine in 1970 – a guide for practising physicians, which outlined the health risk assessment questionnaire, risk computations and patient feedback strategies. It wasn't until 1980, when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a publicly available version, that the HRA became widely used, particularly in workplace settings. The use of HRAs and corporate wellness programmes has been most prevalent in the United States, with comparatively slower growth elsewhere. However there has been recent strong growth in corporate wellness outside the US, particularly in Europe and Asia
]Usage
Once an individual completes a HRA, they usually receive a report, detailing their health rating or score, often broken down into specific sub scores and areas such as stress, nutrition and fitness. The report can also provide recommendations on how individuals can reduce their health risks by changing their lifestye. In addition to individual feedback, HRAs are also used to provide aggregated data reporting for employers and organisations. These reports include demographic data of participants, highlight health risk areas and often include cost projections and savings in terms of increased healthcare, absence and productivity. Organisation-level reports can then be used to provide a first step by which organizations can target and monitor appropriate health interventions within their workforce.
[
HRA delivery
The delivery of HRAs has changed over the years in conjunction with advances in technology. Initially distributed as paper-based, self-scoring questionnaires through on-site workplace health promotion sessions, HRAs are now most commonly implemented online. Other delivery methods include telephone, mail and face-to-face.
The advantages of online HRAs include: Tailoring – online HRAs can adapt content based on an individual’s answers to the HRA questionnaire to provide a personalised, relevant and interactive user experience.
Improved data management
Reduced administrative costs
Instant feedback
]Efficacy
Extensive research has shown that HRAs can be used effectively to:
Identify health risk factorsPredict health-related costsMeasure absenteeism and presenteeismEvaluate the efficacy and return on investment of health promotion strategies There is also recent evidence to suggest that taking a HRA alone can have a positive effect on health behaviour change and health status. However, it is generally accepted that HRAs are most effective at promoting behaviour change when they form part of an integrated, multi-component health promotion programme. Applied in this way, the HRA is used primarily as a tool to identify health risks within a population and then target health interventions and behaviour change programmes to address these areas.[4]
]Benefits
The Wellness Councils of America (WELCOA) outlines 10 key benefits of conducting personal health risk assessments. Health risk assessments: Provide employees with a snapshot of their current health status.
Enable individuals to monitor their health status over time.
Provide employees with concrete information thus preparing them for lifestyle change.
Help individuals get involved with health coaching.
Provide important information concerning employees' readiness to change.
Help employers measure and monitor population health status.
Provide employers with important information that can help them build results-oriented health promotion programmes.
Can provide employers with important information on productivity.
Allow employers to evaluate changes in health behaviour and health risks over time.
Engage both employers and employees in the health management process.
]Limitations
The limitations of a HRA are largely related to its usage and it is important to recognise that a HRA highlights health risks but does not diagnose disease and should not replace consultation with a medical or health practitioner.
Monday, August 9, 2010
Study: Belly bulge can be deadly for older adults
•
If your pants are feeling a bit tight around the waistline, take note: Belly bulge can be deadly for older adults, even those who aren't overweight or obese by other measures.
One of the largest studies to examine the dangers of abdominal fat suggests men and women with the biggest waistlines have twice the risk of dying over a decade compared to those with the smallest tummies.
Surprisingly, bigger waists carry a greater risk of death even for people whose weight is "normal" by the body mass index, or BMI, a standard measure based on weight and height.
"Even if you haven't had a noticeable weight gain, if you notice your waist size increasing that's an important sign," said lead author Eric Jacobs of the American Cancer Society, which funded the study. "It's time to eat better and start exercising more."
Other research has linked waist size to dementia, heart disease, asthma and breast cancer.
Bulging bellies are a problem for most Americans older than 50. It's estimated that more than half of older men and more than 70 percent of older women have bigger waistlines than recommended. And it's a growing problem: Average waistlines have expanded by about an inch per decade since the 1960s.
To check your girth, wrap a tape measure around your waist at the navel. No fair sucking in your bulge. Men should have a waist circumference no larger than 40 inches. For women, the limit is 35 inches.
The new study, appearing in Monday's Archives of Internal Medicine, is the first to analyze waist size and deaths for people in three BMI categories: normal, overweight and obese. In all three groups, waist size was linked to higher risk.
About 2 percent of people in the study had normal BMI numbers but larger than recommended waists. Jacobs said the risk increased progressively with increasing waist size, even at waist sizes well below what might be considered too large.
The study used data from more than 100,000 people who were followed from 1997 to 2006. Nearly 15,000 people died during that time.
The researchers crunched numbers on waist circumference, height and weight to draw conclusions about who was more likely to die. Study participants measured their own waists, so some honest mistakes and wishful fudging could have been included, the authors acknowledged.
Four extra inches around the waist increased the risk of dying from between 15 percent to 25 percent. Oddly, the strongest link — 25 percent — was in women with normal BMI.
People with bigger waists had a higher risk of death from causes including respiratory illnesses, heart disease and cancer.
The study was observational, a less rigorous approach that means the deaths could have been caused by factors other than waist size. But the researchers did take into account other risk factors for poor health, such as smoking and alcohol use.
Some older adults gain belly fat while they lose muscle mass, Jacobs said, so while they may not be getting heavier, they're changing shape — and that's taking a toll.
A tape measure, or a belt that doesn't buckle the way it used to, "may tell you things your scale doesn't," Jacobs said.
Fat stored behind the abdominal wall may be more harmful than fat stored on the hips and thighs. Some scientists believe belly fat secretes proteins and hormones that contribute to inflammation, interfere with how the body processes insulin and raise cholesterol levels.
But Dr. Samuel Klein, an obesity expert at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, is skeptical about that theory. Removing belly fat surgically doesn't lead to health improvements. That may mean it's simply a stand-in for some other culprit that is causing both belly fat and poor health. Klein wasn't involved in the new research.
Klein said the new study, while showing a link between waist size and mortality, doesn't pinpoint exactly how much belly fat is dangerous for normal, overweight and obese people. The 40-inch for men and 35-inch for women cutoff points are irrelevant for many people, he said.
What can be done to fight belly fat? It's the same advice as for losing weight. Eat fewer calories
•
If your pants are feeling a bit tight around the waistline, take note: Belly bulge can be deadly for older adults, even those who aren't overweight or obese by other measures.
One of the largest studies to examine the dangers of abdominal fat suggests men and women with the biggest waistlines have twice the risk of dying over a decade compared to those with the smallest tummies.
Surprisingly, bigger waists carry a greater risk of death even for people whose weight is "normal" by the body mass index, or BMI, a standard measure based on weight and height.
"Even if you haven't had a noticeable weight gain, if you notice your waist size increasing that's an important sign," said lead author Eric Jacobs of the American Cancer Society, which funded the study. "It's time to eat better and start exercising more."
Other research has linked waist size to dementia, heart disease, asthma and breast cancer.
Bulging bellies are a problem for most Americans older than 50. It's estimated that more than half of older men and more than 70 percent of older women have bigger waistlines than recommended. And it's a growing problem: Average waistlines have expanded by about an inch per decade since the 1960s.
To check your girth, wrap a tape measure around your waist at the navel. No fair sucking in your bulge. Men should have a waist circumference no larger than 40 inches. For women, the limit is 35 inches.
The new study, appearing in Monday's Archives of Internal Medicine, is the first to analyze waist size and deaths for people in three BMI categories: normal, overweight and obese. In all three groups, waist size was linked to higher risk.
About 2 percent of people in the study had normal BMI numbers but larger than recommended waists. Jacobs said the risk increased progressively with increasing waist size, even at waist sizes well below what might be considered too large.
The study used data from more than 100,000 people who were followed from 1997 to 2006. Nearly 15,000 people died during that time.
The researchers crunched numbers on waist circumference, height and weight to draw conclusions about who was more likely to die. Study participants measured their own waists, so some honest mistakes and wishful fudging could have been included, the authors acknowledged.
Four extra inches around the waist increased the risk of dying from between 15 percent to 25 percent. Oddly, the strongest link — 25 percent — was in women with normal BMI.
People with bigger waists had a higher risk of death from causes including respiratory illnesses, heart disease and cancer.
The study was observational, a less rigorous approach that means the deaths could have been caused by factors other than waist size. But the researchers did take into account other risk factors for poor health, such as smoking and alcohol use.
Some older adults gain belly fat while they lose muscle mass, Jacobs said, so while they may not be getting heavier, they're changing shape — and that's taking a toll.
A tape measure, or a belt that doesn't buckle the way it used to, "may tell you things your scale doesn't," Jacobs said.
Fat stored behind the abdominal wall may be more harmful than fat stored on the hips and thighs. Some scientists believe belly fat secretes proteins and hormones that contribute to inflammation, interfere with how the body processes insulin and raise cholesterol levels.
But Dr. Samuel Klein, an obesity expert at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, is skeptical about that theory. Removing belly fat surgically doesn't lead to health improvements. That may mean it's simply a stand-in for some other culprit that is causing both belly fat and poor health. Klein wasn't involved in the new research.
Klein said the new study, while showing a link between waist size and mortality, doesn't pinpoint exactly how much belly fat is dangerous for normal, overweight and obese people. The 40-inch for men and 35-inch for women cutoff points are irrelevant for many people, he said.
What can be done to fight belly fat? It's the same advice as for losing weight. Eat fewer calories
Wednesday, July 7, 2010
Seorang suami
mana terfikir berlaku begini. mungkin faktor perekitaran, beban kerja,status kehidupan membuatkan banyak perkara yang menyebabkan pedih rasa ulu hati . Sang isteri yang disayangi kadang kadang buat buat tak faham atau entah ape alasanya. Mengendalikan dan menyusun masa menjadi satu perkara yang dianggap santai. Office masuk jam 8.30 pagi tapi bangun pun 8.30 pagi. Siapkan tu ini dan segala macam pastyinya pukul berapa sampai kat office. Tok laki yang kedekut dgn masa terikut sama berantakan waktu. Ditegur serupa mencurah air atas daun keladi. Langsung takde rasa besalah terhadap masa. Bertong tong jawapan resmi dan tak resmi memudahkan perlakuan leka masa. Sang suami demi kebahagian menelan dan menghatikan episod episod tersebut. Kalaulah meletup agaknya ape akan jadi yeh.
Kita hidup bukan menongkat langit. Sembahyang adalah asas dan prinsip yang tidak boleh dileka lekakan. Dah bangun pukul 8.30 pagi subuh apenya, magrib penat balik dari ofis, isyak tertido, zohor sebok dioffice. Agaknyalah ape sebenarnya tanggungjawab seorang bernama Islam. Tok laki dah penat membebel semayang semayang semayang semayang. Atau tok laki termasuk dalam golongan yang akanmasuk neraka sebab tidak membawa isteri untuk menyembah Allah. Jauh disudut hati betapa pedihnya dan jauh hati seorang suami mengenang masa masa yang sedang berlalu. Salah kah aku.
Kebersihan merupakan aspek yang penting, rumah adalah syurga selepas balik dari office. Keindahan rumah tersusun rapi, tanpa lantai yang kotor, sampah merata, rambut merata rata, sinki penuh dengan pinggan mangkuk kotor. Belum dibuka peti ais yang segala macam tok kaduk berada didalam. Washing machine penuh dah 3 4 hari masih blum berjemur.
Sayangkan isteri takyah leter leterkan. terima seadanya panjangkan sedikit doa untuk isteri bukan minta berubah tapi minta dapat petunjuk dan hidayah menajdi isteri solehah. Amin
Kita hidup bukan menongkat langit. Sembahyang adalah asas dan prinsip yang tidak boleh dileka lekakan. Dah bangun pukul 8.30 pagi subuh apenya, magrib penat balik dari ofis, isyak tertido, zohor sebok dioffice. Agaknyalah ape sebenarnya tanggungjawab seorang bernama Islam. Tok laki dah penat membebel semayang semayang semayang semayang. Atau tok laki termasuk dalam golongan yang akanmasuk neraka sebab tidak membawa isteri untuk menyembah Allah. Jauh disudut hati betapa pedihnya dan jauh hati seorang suami mengenang masa masa yang sedang berlalu. Salah kah aku.
Kebersihan merupakan aspek yang penting, rumah adalah syurga selepas balik dari office. Keindahan rumah tersusun rapi, tanpa lantai yang kotor, sampah merata, rambut merata rata, sinki penuh dengan pinggan mangkuk kotor. Belum dibuka peti ais yang segala macam tok kaduk berada didalam. Washing machine penuh dah 3 4 hari masih blum berjemur.
Sayangkan isteri takyah leter leterkan. terima seadanya panjangkan sedikit doa untuk isteri bukan minta berubah tapi minta dapat petunjuk dan hidayah menajdi isteri solehah. Amin
Friday, May 21, 2010
Hari hari pertama Dekan SAHS
Pengurusan - Data pelajar masih belum lengkap. Proses pendaftaran tidak dimaklumkan. Tiada taklimat pelajar, tiada taklimat ibu bapa dan tida taklimat haltuju pelajar. Koordinasi antara fakulti, Marketing dan pengurusan tampak goyah atau tiada langsung. Kami mendapat maklum di saat terakhir jumlah pelajar sebenar. Jumlah pelajar akhirnya tidak sepadan dengan data yang sedia ada. Keadaan serupa ini rasanya boleh diperbaiki lagi jika ada koordinasi yang berkesan antara jabatan jabatan yang terlibat. Imej universiti, jabatan dan lain lain yang terlibat boleh tercalar dengan situasi yang sedang berlaku. Wajarannya ibu bapa serta pelajar mempunyai pengetahuan serta rangkaian hubungan yang baik. Dengan tidak menidakkan keupyaan dan kebarangkalian mereka bayak perkara negatif boleh berlaku sekiranya dimasa depan proses pengambilan pelajar tidak diurus dengan sempurna.
Ibu bapa pelajar - Seorang bapa menemui saya meminta beberapa penjelasan mengenai kursus yang diambil oleh anak beliau. Bapa ini datang dengan serba cukup persiapan dari himpunan subjek, prosedur MQA, kaedah pembelajaran, kualiti serta perbandingan dengan institusi IPTS yang lain. Secara profesional bapa ini mohon untuk dijelaskan satu persatu. Saya setuju dengan cara beliau mendapatkan maklumat sebegini untuk masa depan anak beliau. Berbalik kepada perenggan diatas telah sampai masanya kita harus bersedia dengan segala keperluan dan corak pengurusan yang jitu menghadapi ibu bapa dimasa depan.
Akademia - Bersediakah kita mengimplementasikan semua plan perancangan dan gangguan perancangan yang muncul dalam bentuk kejutan. Sudahkah kita bangun dari tidur tidur ayam dengan kejutan ledakan gung berapi. Laharnya panas sekitar lingkungan pejabat sampai kerumah. Terjkejutkah dengan bentuk sosial pelajar. Masih mahu menyalahkan latar belakang dan tingkah laku pelajar?.
Kita sudah biasa disediakan dengan kemudahan atau setting yang ideal sehingga terkejut mujur tidak pengsan dengan ape yang berlaku. Bermula dengan `0' merupakan detik pembelajaran yang baik. Merangkak, bertatih , duduik dan berjalan akan mengajar kita dengan proses pembangunan, pembentukan dan nilai sosial manusia secara terperinci. Kejayaan tidak boleh diukur esok atau lusa pasti akan mengambil waktu yang panjang. Kejayaan yang akan teserlah bukan milik dekan tapi milik bersama.
Ibu bapa pelajar - Seorang bapa menemui saya meminta beberapa penjelasan mengenai kursus yang diambil oleh anak beliau. Bapa ini datang dengan serba cukup persiapan dari himpunan subjek, prosedur MQA, kaedah pembelajaran, kualiti serta perbandingan dengan institusi IPTS yang lain. Secara profesional bapa ini mohon untuk dijelaskan satu persatu. Saya setuju dengan cara beliau mendapatkan maklumat sebegini untuk masa depan anak beliau. Berbalik kepada perenggan diatas telah sampai masanya kita harus bersedia dengan segala keperluan dan corak pengurusan yang jitu menghadapi ibu bapa dimasa depan.
Akademia - Bersediakah kita mengimplementasikan semua plan perancangan dan gangguan perancangan yang muncul dalam bentuk kejutan. Sudahkah kita bangun dari tidur tidur ayam dengan kejutan ledakan gung berapi. Laharnya panas sekitar lingkungan pejabat sampai kerumah. Terjkejutkah dengan bentuk sosial pelajar. Masih mahu menyalahkan latar belakang dan tingkah laku pelajar?.
Kita sudah biasa disediakan dengan kemudahan atau setting yang ideal sehingga terkejut mujur tidak pengsan dengan ape yang berlaku. Bermula dengan `0' merupakan detik pembelajaran yang baik. Merangkak, bertatih , duduik dan berjalan akan mengajar kita dengan proses pembangunan, pembentukan dan nilai sosial manusia secara terperinci. Kejayaan tidak boleh diukur esok atau lusa pasti akan mengambil waktu yang panjang. Kejayaan yang akan teserlah bukan milik dekan tapi milik bersama.
Monday, May 3, 2010
Bullied
New research suggests that just being overweight increases the risk of being bullied. And factors that usually play a role in the risk of being bullied, such as gender, race and family income levels, don't seem to matter if you're overweight -- being overweight or obese trumps all those other factors when it comes to aggressive behavior from other children.
The study found that being overweight increased the risk of being the target of bullying by 63 percent.
"One of the reasons we started this study is that obesity is so much more common today. Now that about half of kids are overweight or obese, it doesn't make you such an outlier anymore, so we thought maybe kids wouldn't be bullied for being overweight anymore," said study author Dr. Julie Lumeng, an assistant research scientist at the Center for Human Growth and Development at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. She added that the researchers also hoped they might be able to find some protective factors against being bullied, such as doing well in school.
"What we found, much to our dismay, was that nothing seemed to matter. If you were obese, you were more likely to be bullied, no matter what," she said.
Results of the study will be published in the June issue of Pediatrics, but were released online May 3.
The study included 821 boys and girls from a nationally representative sample of children selected from 10 sites around the United States. Bullying behaviors were assessed in third, fifth and sixth grades. The youngsters were mostly white, half of them were male and 15 percent were overweight in the third grade.
By sixth grade, teachers reported that 34 percent of the study children had been bullied, and mothers reported that 45 percent of the children had been bullied, while 25 percent of the children themselves said they had been bullied.
Previous research has shown that boys, minorities and children from low-income groups are more likely to be bullied, so the researchers took these factors into account to see if they made a difference. The study authors also considered a child's social skills and academic achievement in their analysis.
"No matter how much we retested, the findings were very robust. Obese kids are more likely to be bullied," said Lumeng.
She said that one of the reasons she believes the findings were so consistent is that prejudice against overweight or obese people is "so pervasive that it's acceptable." But, she added, "Obesity is really complex. It's not all about willpower. It's a brain-based disorder, and I hope that message becomes clearer."
Dana Rofey, an assistant professor with the Weight Management and Wellness Center at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, said she wasn't surprised by the findings. "Bullying is the most common psychosocial complaint that our patients present with," she said.
"For parents and pediatricians, one of the issues our study raises is that if you're caring for a child who's overweight, you need to be alert to this and you might want to gently bring it up with the child. Ask, 'How are things at school going?' or 'Does anyone ever say something that makes you feel bad?' because this may be an issue that's difficult for kids to bring up," said Lumeng.
If your child lets you know that he or she is being bullied, Lumeng said your first response should be to validate your child's feelings and let them know that it's not OK for someone to treat them like that.
What to do next can be tricky, agreed both experts.
"Be supportive, and let your child know that you'll help them. Consult with your child and ask how he or she would like you to get involved," advised Rofey. Many youngsters may ask their parents to take a hands-off approach, she said. But she recommends setting some guidelines. "Say something like, 'It seems you have this under control right now, but let's keep talking and checking in about it.'"
Rofey also recommends teaching your child how to avoid situations that might lead to teasing or bullying, and talking with your child about how to reach out to adults if they need to. Depending on the situation, she said that parents may need to step in and advocate for their children at the school. But, she advised always letting your children know what steps you'll be taking.
The study found that being overweight increased the risk of being the target of bullying by 63 percent.
"One of the reasons we started this study is that obesity is so much more common today. Now that about half of kids are overweight or obese, it doesn't make you such an outlier anymore, so we thought maybe kids wouldn't be bullied for being overweight anymore," said study author Dr. Julie Lumeng, an assistant research scientist at the Center for Human Growth and Development at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. She added that the researchers also hoped they might be able to find some protective factors against being bullied, such as doing well in school.
"What we found, much to our dismay, was that nothing seemed to matter. If you were obese, you were more likely to be bullied, no matter what," she said.
Results of the study will be published in the June issue of Pediatrics, but were released online May 3.
The study included 821 boys and girls from a nationally representative sample of children selected from 10 sites around the United States. Bullying behaviors were assessed in third, fifth and sixth grades. The youngsters were mostly white, half of them were male and 15 percent were overweight in the third grade.
By sixth grade, teachers reported that 34 percent of the study children had been bullied, and mothers reported that 45 percent of the children had been bullied, while 25 percent of the children themselves said they had been bullied.
Previous research has shown that boys, minorities and children from low-income groups are more likely to be bullied, so the researchers took these factors into account to see if they made a difference. The study authors also considered a child's social skills and academic achievement in their analysis.
"No matter how much we retested, the findings were very robust. Obese kids are more likely to be bullied," said Lumeng.
She said that one of the reasons she believes the findings were so consistent is that prejudice against overweight or obese people is "so pervasive that it's acceptable." But, she added, "Obesity is really complex. It's not all about willpower. It's a brain-based disorder, and I hope that message becomes clearer."
Dana Rofey, an assistant professor with the Weight Management and Wellness Center at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, said she wasn't surprised by the findings. "Bullying is the most common psychosocial complaint that our patients present with," she said.
"For parents and pediatricians, one of the issues our study raises is that if you're caring for a child who's overweight, you need to be alert to this and you might want to gently bring it up with the child. Ask, 'How are things at school going?' or 'Does anyone ever say something that makes you feel bad?' because this may be an issue that's difficult for kids to bring up," said Lumeng.
If your child lets you know that he or she is being bullied, Lumeng said your first response should be to validate your child's feelings and let them know that it's not OK for someone to treat them like that.
What to do next can be tricky, agreed both experts.
"Be supportive, and let your child know that you'll help them. Consult with your child and ask how he or she would like you to get involved," advised Rofey. Many youngsters may ask their parents to take a hands-off approach, she said. But she recommends setting some guidelines. "Say something like, 'It seems you have this under control right now, but let's keep talking and checking in about it.'"
Rofey also recommends teaching your child how to avoid situations that might lead to teasing or bullying, and talking with your child about how to reach out to adults if they need to. Depending on the situation, she said that parents may need to step in and advocate for their children at the school. But, she advised always letting your children know what steps you'll be taking.
Wednesday, April 28, 2010
How to eat right on the job
6 Rules: How to Eat Right on the Job
Other than getting a good night’s sleep, there’s probably no other thing that impacts your productivity and mood at work more than what you eat. Yet you probably give little thought to what you consume before and during work, defaulting instead to what’s convenient, cheap, and tasty. And when you do think twice about what you eat, it’s usually in the context of a diet that’s focused on losing weight rather than improving your cognitive functioning and energy levels. Fortunately, there are a few basic food rules that go a long way towards achieving these latter goals. Here are the best of them.
Things you will need:
• A new food attitude: Carbs are not the enemy. Neither is fat. Eliminating certain food groups may help your waistline, but it will hurt your brain functioning.
• A stash of snacks: To keep your brain well fueled, you can’t let yourself get too hungry. Have a ready supply of trail mix, peanut-butter crackers, or Snickers bars at work. The combination of carbs and protein in these snacks will stabilize your blood sugar, fill you up, and keep you energized.
• Some willpower: Big meals actually reduce the supply of energy to your brain and leave you feeling sleepy for hours. Eat half of what you order, and take the rest home.
1. Balance What You Eat, Whenever You Eat
In 1956, the United States Department of Agriculture produced its “Basic Four” guide promoting the daily consumption of foods from four main groups — meat, dairy, grains, and vegetables. But today, nutritionists talk about a different set of food groups —proteins, carbohydrates (which produce glucose), fats, and fiber — and a different way to combine them. Instead of having a few helpings from each group every day, they recommend having something from each of the four groups every time you sit down to eat. And, yes, that includes carbs, which certain popular diets restrict. Why? Because the combination of carbs and protein (and to a lesser extent, fats and fiber) regulates your glucose levels and keeps your mood and mental ability on an even keel.
Moreover, each food group brings unique brain-boosting benefits to the table. “Research suggests that meals with more protein and fats are associated with better-sustained attention, focus, and concentration,” says Tufts research psychologist Kristen D’Anci. “Meals that have a higher carbohydrate content seem to be more calming and have fairly consistent positive effects with memory.” Cut back on either group and you’re missing half the benefits that food can offer.
2. Neglect Carbs at Your Own Peril
The research here is clear: Cutting carbs may shrink your waistline, but doing so will shrink your brainpower, too. “The popular low-carb and no-carb diets have the strongest potential for negative impact on thinking and cognition,” says Tufts psychology professor Holly A. Taylor. In a 2008 study Taylor conducted, dieters who lowered their blood-sugar levels by cutting carbohydrates from their meals immediately performed worse on memory-based tasks than those who simply reduced total calories by the same amount. When they started eating carbs again, their memory skills quickly rebounded.
Brain cells require twice the amount of energy needed by other cells in your body because they never rest. And high-carb foods like pasta, bread, fruit, and rice produce the brain’s favorite fuel — glucose. “Your brain only wants to burn glucose,” says Shawn Talbott, a nutritional biochemist and author of A Guide to Understanding Dietary Supplements: Magic Bullets or Modern Snake Oil. It can burn protein if it has to, Talbott adds, “but it’s like trying to run a gasoline engine on diesel.”
If you are on a low-carb diet, we’re not suggesting you go out and eat a loaf of Wonder Bread. There are plenty of “good” carbs (such as fruit, vegetables, and brown rice) that will supply your brain with all the fuel it needs.
3. Pack in the Protein
Proteins such as meat, fish, dairy, eggs, beans, and nuts slow the absorption of glucose so your brain gets a long and steady flow of fuel, rather than the brief blast you get from eating carbs and sugary foods (fats and fiber also help with this). And protein also brings its own set of brain boosters to the party. The amino acids found in meats, poultry, fish, and eggs help produce the neurotransmitters — serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine — that keep us focused, energetic, and upbeat.
Studies also suggest that certain minerals typically found in high-protein foods also enhance memory. A 2005 study by the U.S. Department of Agriculture found that adding zinc — found in meat, seafood, eggs, and milk — to the diets of middle-school kids improved their memories and attention spans. After receiving 20 milligrams of zinc a day, five days a week, for 10 to 12 weeks, their reaction time decreased by 12 percent, their word recognition rose 9 percent, and their ability to sustain attention on a task increased 6 percent.
4. Eat Smaller Amounts, and Eat More Frequently
If you want to keep up your energy and performance levels, the last thing you need is a three-course lunch (or a three-egg cheese omelet for breakfast). The same thing goes for big dinners if you’re working late. Too much food — even if it’s well balanced — is going to make you drowsy because it introduces too much glucose for your body to handle at one time. When that happens, your liver reacts by storing the glucose, and your brain actually gets less fuel than it needs. “If you eat too much, you’re going to get sleepy, and there’s really no way to recover from that,” says Talbott. “Five to six small meals tend to make people perform much better than three squares.”
5. Fat Is Beautiful ... for Your Brain
You probably know that omega-3 fatty acids are good for your heart. But they’re great brain food, too. The fats found in salmon, walnuts, and kiwi improve learning and memory and help fight against mental disorders like depression, schizophrenia, and dementia, according to a 2008 report from the Brain Research Institute at UCLA. The fats support the synapses in the brain where much of our cognitive functioning occurs.
6. How to Keep Things in Proportion
In addition to controlling your carb intake, portion and proportion play a big role in regulating glucose. Talbott recommends a highly sophisticated tool for measuring food amounts — your hand. Whether it’s breakfast, lunch, or dinner, he says the portions are the same: “Your fist is the size of the carbs; your palm is the size of the protein. Make an OK sign with your thumb and index finger, and that’s how much fat you should have. Open your hand as wide as it can go; that’s the amount of fruits and vegetables. That’s going to be a well-balanced mix.”
Other than getting a good night’s sleep, there’s probably no other thing that impacts your productivity and mood at work more than what you eat. Yet you probably give little thought to what you consume before and during work, defaulting instead to what’s convenient, cheap, and tasty. And when you do think twice about what you eat, it’s usually in the context of a diet that’s focused on losing weight rather than improving your cognitive functioning and energy levels. Fortunately, there are a few basic food rules that go a long way towards achieving these latter goals. Here are the best of them.
Things you will need:
• A new food attitude: Carbs are not the enemy. Neither is fat. Eliminating certain food groups may help your waistline, but it will hurt your brain functioning.
• A stash of snacks: To keep your brain well fueled, you can’t let yourself get too hungry. Have a ready supply of trail mix, peanut-butter crackers, or Snickers bars at work. The combination of carbs and protein in these snacks will stabilize your blood sugar, fill you up, and keep you energized.
• Some willpower: Big meals actually reduce the supply of energy to your brain and leave you feeling sleepy for hours. Eat half of what you order, and take the rest home.
1. Balance What You Eat, Whenever You Eat
In 1956, the United States Department of Agriculture produced its “Basic Four” guide promoting the daily consumption of foods from four main groups — meat, dairy, grains, and vegetables. But today, nutritionists talk about a different set of food groups —proteins, carbohydrates (which produce glucose), fats, and fiber — and a different way to combine them. Instead of having a few helpings from each group every day, they recommend having something from each of the four groups every time you sit down to eat. And, yes, that includes carbs, which certain popular diets restrict. Why? Because the combination of carbs and protein (and to a lesser extent, fats and fiber) regulates your glucose levels and keeps your mood and mental ability on an even keel.
Moreover, each food group brings unique brain-boosting benefits to the table. “Research suggests that meals with more protein and fats are associated with better-sustained attention, focus, and concentration,” says Tufts research psychologist Kristen D’Anci. “Meals that have a higher carbohydrate content seem to be more calming and have fairly consistent positive effects with memory.” Cut back on either group and you’re missing half the benefits that food can offer.
2. Neglect Carbs at Your Own Peril
The research here is clear: Cutting carbs may shrink your waistline, but doing so will shrink your brainpower, too. “The popular low-carb and no-carb diets have the strongest potential for negative impact on thinking and cognition,” says Tufts psychology professor Holly A. Taylor. In a 2008 study Taylor conducted, dieters who lowered their blood-sugar levels by cutting carbohydrates from their meals immediately performed worse on memory-based tasks than those who simply reduced total calories by the same amount. When they started eating carbs again, their memory skills quickly rebounded.
Brain cells require twice the amount of energy needed by other cells in your body because they never rest. And high-carb foods like pasta, bread, fruit, and rice produce the brain’s favorite fuel — glucose. “Your brain only wants to burn glucose,” says Shawn Talbott, a nutritional biochemist and author of A Guide to Understanding Dietary Supplements: Magic Bullets or Modern Snake Oil. It can burn protein if it has to, Talbott adds, “but it’s like trying to run a gasoline engine on diesel.”
If you are on a low-carb diet, we’re not suggesting you go out and eat a loaf of Wonder Bread. There are plenty of “good” carbs (such as fruit, vegetables, and brown rice) that will supply your brain with all the fuel it needs.
3. Pack in the Protein
Proteins such as meat, fish, dairy, eggs, beans, and nuts slow the absorption of glucose so your brain gets a long and steady flow of fuel, rather than the brief blast you get from eating carbs and sugary foods (fats and fiber also help with this). And protein also brings its own set of brain boosters to the party. The amino acids found in meats, poultry, fish, and eggs help produce the neurotransmitters — serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine — that keep us focused, energetic, and upbeat.
Studies also suggest that certain minerals typically found in high-protein foods also enhance memory. A 2005 study by the U.S. Department of Agriculture found that adding zinc — found in meat, seafood, eggs, and milk — to the diets of middle-school kids improved their memories and attention spans. After receiving 20 milligrams of zinc a day, five days a week, for 10 to 12 weeks, their reaction time decreased by 12 percent, their word recognition rose 9 percent, and their ability to sustain attention on a task increased 6 percent.
4. Eat Smaller Amounts, and Eat More Frequently
If you want to keep up your energy and performance levels, the last thing you need is a three-course lunch (or a three-egg cheese omelet for breakfast). The same thing goes for big dinners if you’re working late. Too much food — even if it’s well balanced — is going to make you drowsy because it introduces too much glucose for your body to handle at one time. When that happens, your liver reacts by storing the glucose, and your brain actually gets less fuel than it needs. “If you eat too much, you’re going to get sleepy, and there’s really no way to recover from that,” says Talbott. “Five to six small meals tend to make people perform much better than three squares.”
5. Fat Is Beautiful ... for Your Brain
You probably know that omega-3 fatty acids are good for your heart. But they’re great brain food, too. The fats found in salmon, walnuts, and kiwi improve learning and memory and help fight against mental disorders like depression, schizophrenia, and dementia, according to a 2008 report from the Brain Research Institute at UCLA. The fats support the synapses in the brain where much of our cognitive functioning occurs.
6. How to Keep Things in Proportion
In addition to controlling your carb intake, portion and proportion play a big role in regulating glucose. Talbott recommends a highly sophisticated tool for measuring food amounts — your hand. Whether it’s breakfast, lunch, or dinner, he says the portions are the same: “Your fist is the size of the carbs; your palm is the size of the protein. Make an OK sign with your thumb and index finger, and that’s how much fat you should have. Open your hand as wide as it can go; that’s the amount of fruits and vegetables. That’s going to be a well-balanced mix.”
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